Assessing the deflection performance of existing flexural timber components is of paramount importance for making better, reliable, and substantiated decisions. The main purpose of this article is to propose four-level reliability index β and deflection criteria for updating existing flexural timber components (main beam, joist, purlin, and rafter) based on long-term deflection probabilistic model, limit state functions, and load combinations. The long-term deflection probabilistic model was obtained through creep deflection and short-term deflection model. Limit state functions were considered to be ultimate limit states of load-bearing capacity. In addition, four-level reliability index β were calculated by three live loads (residential live load, office live load, and snow live load) and seven load ratios ρ (0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0). The results of proposed four-level criterion were illustrated with the reliable safety assessment for flexural timber components.
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