From 'getting to know you' to 'soloing': The preceptor-student relationship

Abstract

A preceptored practicum for senior students is seen by many to be an important transition to the graduate nurse role, although there is very little literature describing the development of the student during these clinical experiences. Furthermore, the exact role of preceptors in facilitating students' learning and socialisation into the nursing profession is not well defined. This descriptive exploratory study sought to elucidate the meaning of the experience of preceptorship to senior baccalaureate nursing students during their senior practicum. To that end, audiotaped interviews were conducted with 15 senior Canadian baccalaureate nursing students at the end of the first, second and third months of their practicum. Students were asked to describe a recent significant incident from their practice experience, the context of the situation, and why the incident was significant. The research team analysed the interview transcriptions, extracted significant statements, and identified themes and patterns relating to the students' perceptions of their experiences. The relationship with the preceptor was perceived by students as pivotal to their development as a nurse. Emerging themes that described this experience were: 'developing a productive relationship', 'creating a safe environment for learning', 'teaching strategies employed by preceptors', and 'soloing'. An understanding of the experiences of senior student nurses during their practicum will assist both faculty staff and preceptors to develop strategies to facilitate student growth and comfort during the experience.