Does Rhythm in Music Therapy Have an Organising Effect on the Agitated Behaviours of People with a Diagnosis of Dementia? An Investigation into Music Therapists' Current Practice

Abstract

While previous research on music therapy and dementia has shown the positive outcomes gained from interventions, it lacked specificity regarding techniques utilised by practising music therapists. Recent developments in music therapy and neuro-rehabilitation have shown rhythm to be an integral part of accessing remaining cognitive functioning following brain injury and deterioration.

This article is based upon a recent research project that investigates the potential of rhythm in music therapy to organise the internal chaos (mental and emotional) experienced by patients with dementia. It is speculated that such chaos is often expressed through agitated behaviours, and that rhythm can be used in such instances as a means to stimulate meaningful interaction. A literature review was conducted of studies of music therapy and agitated behaviour. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews with four music therapists and was coded and categorised in order to establish themes. Results showed that the use of individualised rhythmic interventions was functional as therapists noted reduced agitation, more organised physical movement and other communications, meaningful interaction and emotional reassurance.

The results also suggest that the Cochrane review's conclusion that no substantial evidence exists to support the use of music therapy with dementia patients might be challenged by further research.