The process of nominating a certain site or tradition as a world heritage by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) can be seen as a dialectic of the local and the global. A localized monument, building, town, landscape or cultural tradition becomes globalized through the inclusion into the list of world heritage. Thus, it acquires a new status as being of `outstanding universal value'. The aim of this global cultural policy as formulated by UNESCO is to enhance the pride of the local population in their own culture, foster efforts to its preservation as well as to enrich the whole of humanity in creating a cultural memory on a worldwide scale.
Adamou, Aboubacar (1979) Agadez et sa Région. Niamey : IRSH.
2.
Albro, Robert (2005) `The Challenges of Asserting, Promoting, and Performing Cultural Heritage', Theorizing Cultural Heritage1(1): 1-8, URL (accessed March 2008): www.folklife.si.edu/resources/center/cultural_policy/pdf/RobAlbrofellow.pdf
3.
Beck, Kurt (1990) `Entwicklungshilfe als Beute: Über die lokale Aneignungsweise von Entwicklungsmaßnahmen im Sudan', Orient31: 583-601.
4.
Bruner, Edward (1996) `Tourism in Ghana: The Representations of Slavery and the Return of the Black Diaspora', American Anthropologist98(2): 290-305.
5.
CRATerre (2001) Conservation du Patrimoine Immobilier au Niger. Grenoble: CRATerre-EAG.
6.
Cressier, Patrice and Suzanne Bernus (1984) `La grande mosque d'Agadez: architecture et histoire' , Journal des Africanistes5(1): 5-41.
7.
Eriksen, Thomas Hylland (2001) `Between Universalism and Relativism: A Critique of the UNESCO Concept of Culture', in Jane K. Cowan, Marie-Bénédicte Dembour and Richard A. Wilson (eds) Culture and Rights. Anthropological Perspectives, pp. 127-48. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
8.
Errington, Shelley (1998) The Death of Authentic Primitive Art and other Tales of Progress. Berkeley: University of California Press.
9.
Hamani, Djibo M. (1989) Le Sultanat Touareg de l'Ayar. Niamey: IRSH.
10.
Henry, Jean Robert (1996) `Les Touaregs des Français', in Hélène Claudot-Hawad (ed.) Touaregs et autres Sahariens entre plusieurs mondes, pp. 249-74. Aix-en-Provence : IREMAN.
11.
Kirshenblatt-Gimblett, Barbara (2004) `Intangible Heritage as Metacultural Production', Museum International56(1-2): 52-65.
12.
Leach, James (2003) `Owning Creativity. Cultural Property and the Efficacy of Custom on the Rai Coast of Papua New Guinea', Journal of Material Culture8(2): 123-43.
13.
Lowenthal, Daniel (1996) Possessed by the Past. The Heritage Crusade and the Spoils of History. New York: Free Press.
14.
Nas, Peter (2002) `Masterpieces of Oral and Immaterial Culture', Current Anthropology43(1): 139-43.
15.
Olwig, Karen F. (1999) `The Burden of Heritage: Claiming a Place for a West Indian Culture', American Ethnologist26(2): 370-88.
16.
Probst, Peter (2004) `Vital Politics: History and Heritage in Osogbo, Nigeria', in Peter Probst and Gerd Spittler (eds) Between Resistance and Expansion. Explorations of Local Vitality in Africa, pp. 331-58. Münster : LIT.
17.
Rottenburg, Richard (2002) Weit hergeholte Fakten. Eine Parabel der Entwicklungshilfe . Stuttgart: Lucius & Lucius .
18.
Roux, Michel (1996) Le Désert de Sable. Le Sahara dans l'imaginaire des Français (1900-1994). Paris: Harmattan.
19.
Rowlands, Michael (2002) `Cultural Heritage and the Role of Traditional Intellectuals in Mali and Cameroon', in Cris Shore and Stephen Nugent (eds): Elite Cultures, pp. 143-57. London: Routledge .
20.
Rowlands, Michael (2007) `Entangled Memories and Parallel Heritages in Mali' , in Ferdinand De Jong and Michael Rowlands (eds): Reclaiming Heritage. Alternative Imagineries of Memory in West Africa, pp. 127-44. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press.
21.
Rowlands, Michael and Ferdinand De Jong (2007) `Reconsidering Heritage and Memory', in Ferdinand De Jong and Michael Rowlands (eds): Reclaiming Heritage. Alternative Imagineries of Memory in West Africa, pp. 13-28. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press.
22.
Sardan, Jean-Pierre Olivier de (1998) Chefs et Projets au Village (Niger). Berlin: Das Arabische Buch .
23.
Scholze, Marko and Ingo Bartha (2004) `Trading Cultures: Berbers and Tuareg as Souvenir Vendors', in Peter Probst and Gerd Spittler (eds) Between Resistance and Expansion. Dimensions of Local Vitality in Africa, pp. 71-92. Münster: LIT.
24.
Singleton, Theresa A. (1999) `The Slave Trade Remembered on the Former Gold and Slave Coasts', Slavery and Abolition20(1): 150-69.
25.
Titchen, Sarah M. (1996) `On the Construction of "Outstanding Universal Value". Some Comments on the Implementation of the 1972 UNESCO World Heritage Convention', Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites1(4): 235-42.
26.
Unesco (1994) Expert Meeting on the Global Strategy and Thematic Studies for a Representative World Heritage List, UNESCO Headquarters, 20-22 June 1994. Paris: UNESCO.
