The presented research describes a 2D elastic-plastic plane strain model using the multiscale approach to study the contact of a wheel rolling on a rough rail. This paper is the first to investigate the influence of friction and dynamic wheel load factor on the contact parameters of smooth and rough areas. Numerical results in the smooth region indicate that shear stress will level up if the friction coefficient increases; but, the behavior of contact pressure differs. A direct relationship between friction coefficient and plastic deformation is observed in the rough region. When the friction coefficient of the rough surface varies between 0.5 and 0.05, the maximum contact pressure is 5555 MPa–7060 MPa and the maximum plastic shear strain increases to 38.85% - 68.3%. The contact parameters of the rough region are minimally affected by the dynamic wheel load factor.
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