Status of Cytokine and Antigen Presentation Genes in Merkel Cell Carcinoma of the Skin

Abstract

French

Background:

Merkel carcinoma (MCC) of the skin is an aggressive form of skin cancer, morphologically demonstrating both epithelial and neuroendocrine properties. However, little is known about its molecular characteristics.

Objective:

The aims of the study were to explore growth characteristics and immune responses of MCCs at the molecular level.

Methods:

A reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique was employed to study those parameters in biopsies of MCCs and their adjacent areas.

Results:

Analyzing mRNA levels of various epithelial genes (c-myc, cdc2 kinase, E2F, PCNA, p53, and RB, cytokeratins 5 and 10) we concluded that MCCs express markers of epithelial hyperproliferation together with markers of neuroendocrine differentiation (NSE). On the other hand, there is a lack of cytokines (IL-2, IFN-γ) typical for a specific, T cell-mediated immune response in MCCs. However, several cytokines (e.g., IL-12) are produced that are required for the initial steps of that type of immune response.

Conclusion:

The epithelial hyperproliferation and impaired local immune responses might contribute to the aggressive behaviour of the tumour.

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