Woven identities: preserving the traditional garments and cultural heritage of Indigenous groups in Bangladesh’s Chittagong Hill Tracts

Abstract

The Chittagong Hill Tracts in southeastern Bangladesh is home to diverse Indigenous communities whose traditional clothing plays a vital role in preserving cultural identity. However, the use of traditional attire has declined significantly due to various sociopolitical, economic, and environmental pressures. This study investigates the key factors contributing to this shift, including cultural assimilation, economic hardship, inadequate incentives, environmental changes, and political instability. Drawing on survey data from 72 educated Indigenous individuals and supported by historical and contextual analysis, the study reveals a growing disconnection from ancestral practices among younger generations. While traditional garments once served as symbols of heritage, pride, and social meaning, modern influences and systemic challenges now threaten their continuity. The findings underscore the urgent need for policy interventions, awareness-building, and incentive-driven programs to preserve and revitalize traditional dress practices as an essential part of Indigenous cultural heritage in Bangladesh.