The use of Delta wave hypnosis for reducing perioperative anxiety in cataract surgery: A prospective randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate the efficacy of delta-wave auditory hypnoanalgesia as an adjunct to regional anesthesia in reducing perioperative anxiety during cataract surgery.

Methods

This prospective, single-blind randomized controlled trial included 198 participants undergoing cataract surgery under locoregional anesthesia. Patients were randomized into a hypnoanalgesia group (H), which received delta-wave binaural beats, and a control group (T), which received no auditory intervention. Primary outcomes were changes in mean heart rate (HR), blood pressure, and anxiety levels. Secondary outcomes included pain perception (Numeric Rating Scale, NRS), bispectral index, and postoperative satisfaction.

Results

H group demonstrated significantly lower HR, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP), with a peak effect observed 20–25 min after device placement (SBP: p = 0.041; MAP: p < 0.001). APAIS anxiety scores were halved in the H group (p < 0.001). Pain scores were significantly lower in H group (p < 0.001 and p = 0.018, respectively). Postoperative satisfaction scores were higher among patients, surgeons, and anesthesiologists in H group (p = 0.003, p < 0.001, and p < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion

Delta-wave auditory hypnoanalgesia may be a potential non-pharmacological adjunct in ophthalmic surgery reducing perioperative anxiety, and enhancing patient satisfaction.