Analysis on the clinical correlation of lens parameters and choroidal thickness with the severity of primary angle closure disease

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation of lens parameters and choroidal thickness (RCS) with the severity of PACD and to compare those parameters with the normal population. Methods: Prospective, cross-sectional hospital-based study. A total of 286 subjects (572 eyes) including 236 study patients (472 eyes) and 50 age-matched controls (100 eyes) were included in the study. The parameters studied were anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), anterior vault (AV), lens axial factor (LAF), lens position (LP), relative lens position (RLP), lens vault (LV) and RCS thickness. Results: The mean ACD was significantly shallow in all subtypes of Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma (PACG) (mean ± SD = 2.53 ± 0.34 mm) compared to controls (4.05 ± 0.16; p = 0.0001). Likewise, the mean lens thickness was more in all subtypes of PACD (mean ± SD = 4.67 ± 0.26 mm) than in normal controls (4.17 ± 0.17 mm; p = 0.0001). Moreover, PACD patients had higher LV (mean ± SD = 1174.29 ± 247.87) than in controls (778.23 ± 37.95; p = 0.0001), particularly in eyes with AAC (1328.86 ± 77.13). Other biometric parameters like AV, LAF, LP, RLP and RCS thickness revealed a statistically significant difference in PACD compared to the control population (p < 0.00001). Pairwise comparison also revealed significant difference in all ocular biometric parameters in AAC compared to other subtypes. Conclusion: Lens parameters and choroidal thickness correlated significantly with the severity of PACD. Our study highlights the interplay of multiple ocular biometric parameters with the disease severity, suggesting the individualised surgical options in patients with PACD.