Closantel retinal toxicity: Recovery from severe vision loss after corticosteroid therapy

Abstract

Purpose

To present a relatively rare case of retinal toxicity and consequent severe vision loss due to Closantel ingestion.

Case report

A 37-year-old female presented with sudden painless decrease vision in both eyes. She had no previous history of medical disease and denied any trauma. The patient had accidentally ingested Closantel a few days prior to presentation. Closantel is a veterinary anti-helminthic drug used mainly in livestock. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at presentation was 20/200 bilaterally. There was no relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) and red saturation test was normal. Macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed disruption in the outer retinal layer and ellipsoid zone in both eyes. A diagnosis of retinal toxicity due to Closantel was made and the patient was started on 1 mg/kg oral prednisolone acetate. On the 45th day after presentation, her BCVA had improved to 20/20 bilaterally.

Conclusion

Closantel is a potentially toxic drug causing destruction of the neurosensory retina and visual disturbances. We suggest eye-care personnel awareness regarding the risk of Closantel-induced retinal toxicity and prompt treatment with systemic steroids should be considered.