Association Between Body Image Dissatisfaction and Anthropometric Variables Among Adolescent Ballet Dancers: A Pilot Study

Abstract

Background: Body image is a representation of body identity that involves self-perception, which anthropometric variables can influence. Previously, it has been found that, the increase in abdominal fat and excess weight are related to dissatisfaction with body image. Ballet is a sport that involves aesthetics; adolescent ballet dancers may suffer from high rates of body image dissatisfaction. Aim: To determine the prevalence of body image dissatisfaction and its correlation with anthropometric variables among adolescent ballerinas. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 26 adolescent ballerinas from a private ballet school. Data collected included sociodemographic and training information, anthropometric measurements, and responses to Body Shape Questionnaire to assess body image dissatisfaction, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale to determine the self-esteem. Results: According to body mass index 80.8% of the ballerinas were classified as having normal weight, 15.4% as overweight, and 3.8% as obese. The body fat percentage was adequate at 46.1%, with the remainder showing excess body fat. The prevalence of body image dissatisfaction was 65.3%, and was subdivided into mild dissatisfaction 26.9%, moderate dissatisfaction 19.2%, and severe dissatisfaction 19.2%. Body image dissatisfaction was inversely correlated with self-esteem (P < .05). Severe dissatisfaction with body image was associated with higher weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and body fat (P < .05). Conclusion: Dissatisfaction with body image was present in 65.3% of adolescent ballet dancers. Severe dissatisfaction was associated with higher anthropometric variables.