Excellence in patient care is achieved through the very latest in technological advancements such as assistive robots. The purpose of this article is to review the literature on the use of assistive robots in various health care settings. The article includes a discussion of the strengths and limitations for noninteractive and interactive robots in health care and a summary of the implications for practice.
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Coote, S., Stokes, E., Murphy, B., & Harwin, W. (2003, April 23-25). The effect of GENTLE/s robot-mediated therapy on upper extremity dysfunction post stroke. Paper presented at the 8th International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics, Human-Friendly Welfare Robot System Engineering Research Center, Daejeon, Korea.
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Coradeschi, S., Ishiguro, H., Asada, M., Shapiro, S.C., Thielscher, M., Breazeal, C., et al. (2006) Human-inspired robots. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 21(4), 74-85.
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Daly, J.J., Hogan, N., Perepezko, E.M., Krebs, H.I., Rogers, J.M., Goyal, K.S., et al. (2005). Response to upper-limb robotics and functional neuromuscular stimulation following stroke. Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development, 42(6), 723-736.
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Dautenhahn, K., & Billard, A. (2002, March). Games children with autism can play with robota, a humanoid robotics doll. Paper presented at the Cambridge Workshop on Universal Access and Assistive Technology.
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Dautenhahn, K., Woods, S., Kaouri, C., Walters, M., Koay, K.L., & Werry, I. (2005, August). What is a robot companion-friend, assistant or butler? In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, Edmonton , Canada (pp.1488-1493). Los Alamitos, CA: IEEE Computer Society Press.
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Driessen, B.J., Evers, H.G., & Woerden, J. A. van. (2001). MANUS- a wheelchair-mounted rehabilitation robot. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part H-Journal of Engineering in Medicine, 215(3), 285-290.
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Dubowsky, S., Genot, F., Godding, S., Kozono, H., Skwersky, A., Yu, H., et al. (2000, April). PAMM-A robotic aid to the elderly for mobility assistance and monitoring: A "helping-hand" for the elderly. Paper presented at the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, San Francisco, CA.
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Fanin, C., Gallina, P., Rossi, A., Zanatta, U., & Masiero, S. (April 23-25, 2003). NeReBot: A wire-based robot for neurorehabilitation . Paper presented at the 8th International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics, Human-Friendly Welfare Robot System Engineering Research Center, Daejeon, Korea.
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Graf, B., Hans, M., & Schraft, R.D. (2004a). Care-O-bot II-development of a next generation robotic home assistant. Autonomous Robots, 16, 193-205.
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Graf, B., Hans, M., & Schraft, R.D. (2004b). Mobile robot assistants. IEEE Robotics and Automation Magazine, 11(2), 67-77.
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Heerink, M., Kröse, B., Wielinga, B., & Evers, V. (2006). Human-robot user studies in eldercare: Lessons learned. Assistive Technology Research Series, 19, 31-38.
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Hegel, F., Lohse, M., Swadzba, A., Wachsmuth, S., Rohlfing, K., & Wrede, B. (2007, August) Classes of applications for social robots: A user study. In Proceedings of the 16th IEEE International Conference on Robot & Human Interactive Communication, Jeju, Korea (pp. 938-943). Los Alamitos, CA: IEEE Computer Society Press.
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Herron, D.M., Marohn, M., & The SAGES-MIRA Robotic Surgery Consensus Group. (2008). A consensus document on robotic surgery . Surgical Endoscopy, 22, 313-325.
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Hesse, S., Schulte-Tigges, G., Konrad, M., Bardeleben, A., & Werner, C. (2003). Robot-assisted arm trainer for the passive and active practice of bilateral forearm and wrist movements in hemiparetic subjects . Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 84(6), 915-920.
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Hinds, P., Roberts, T., & Jones, H. (2004). Whose job is it anyway? A study of human-robot interaction in a collaborative task. Human-Computer Interaction , 19, 151-181.
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Kahn, L.E., Lum, P.S., Rymer, W.Z., & Reinkensmeyer, D.J. (2006). Robot-assisted movement training for the stroke-impaired arm: Does it matter what the robot does? Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development, 43(5), 619-630.
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Kang, K., Freedman, S., Mataric, M.J., Cunningham, M.J., & Lopez, B. (2005, June). A hands-off physical therapy assistance robot for cardiac patients. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics, Chicago, IL (pp. 337-340). Los Alamitos, CA: IEEE Computer Society Press.
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Krebs, H.I., Volpe, B.T., Williams, D., Celestino, J., Charles, S.K., Lynch, D., et al. (2007). Robot-aided neurorehabilitation: A robot for wrist rehabilitation. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems & Rehabilitation Engineering, 15(3), 327-335.
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Lum, P.S., Burgar, C.G., Shor, P.C., Majmundar, M., & Van der Loos, M. (2002). Robot-assisted movement training compared with conventional therapy techniques for the rehabilitation of upper-limb motor function after stroke. Archives of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 83(7), 952-959.
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Marecik, S.J., Chaudhry, V., Jan, A., Pearl, R.K., Park, J.J., & Prasad, L.M. (2007). A comparison of robotic, laparoscopic, and hand-sewn intestinal sutured anastomoses performed by residents. American Journal of Surgery, 193(3), 349-355; discussion 355.
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Masiero, S., Celia, A., Rosati, G., & Armani, M. (2007). Robotic-assisted rehabilitation of the upper limb after acute stroke. Archives of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation , 88(2), 142-149.
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Nejat, G., Allison, B., Gomez, N., & Rosenfeld, A. (2007, November). The design of an interactive socially assistive robot for patient care. Paper presented at the ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Expo, Seattle, WA, IMECE2007-41811.
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Nejat, G., & Ficocelli, M. (2008, May). Can I be of assistance? The intelligence behind an assistive robot. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Pasadena, CA (pp. 3564-3569). Los Alamitos, CA: IEEE Computer Society Press.
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Prange, G.B., Jannink, M.J.A., Groothuis-Oudshoorn, C.G.M., Hermens, H.J., & Ijzerman, M.J. (2006). Systematic review of the effect of robot-aided therapy on recovery of the hemiparetic arm after stroke . Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development, 43(2), 171-184.
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Shibata, T. (2004). An overview of human interactive robots for psychological enrichment. Proceedings of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 92(11), 1749-1758.
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Shibata, T., Wada, K., Saito, T., & Tanie, K. (2001, October). Robot assisted activity for senior people at day service center. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Technology in Mechatronics, Istanbul, Turkey (pp. 71-76).
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