Temporal trends of inflammatory bowel disease: Nationwide study from 2010 to 2020

Abstract

This study examined inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) trends over the last 10 years, including their nationwide patterns, and the outcomes of the utilization of total parental nutrition (TPN). Nationwide inpatient sample (NIS) database from 2010 to 2020, was used to identify IBD hospitalization and discharges and investigate outcomes, including in-hospital mortality and hospital resource utilization. The hospitalizations for IBD combining both Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) initially noted a rising trend until 2016 followed by a decreasing trend with statistical significance (p < 0.001). A decreasing trend in TPN utilization in CD dropped from 6.2 to 5.4% (p = 0.07). The prevalence of malnutrition in CD cases significantly increased from 11.6 to 16.6% (p < 0.001), and the use of TPN in malnutrition cases decreased from 25.0 to 20.0% with statistical significance (p = 0.002). TPN in UC cases also exhibited a downward trend, declining from 5.3 to 3.1% with statistical significance (p < 0.001). However, there was a noteworthy increase in malnutrition rates, rising from 13.5 to 17.3% (p = 0.087). Similarly, the utilization of TPN in malnutrition cases among UC cases displayed a significant decrease from 19.9 to 11.3% (p < 0.001). The combined use of TPN in IBD showed a decreased trend from 5.9 to 4.3% with statistical significance (p < 0.001). There is a decline in the trend in TPN usage in both CD and UC. The hospital costs and malnutrition trend has increased, while the inpatient mortality, length of stay, and TPN use decreased over the year.