Evaluating the Occurrence of Phlebitis With Use of Peripheral Intravenous Cannulas and Its Associated Risk Factors in Postoperative Patients

Abstract

Background: This study conducted at the Institute of Medical Sciences and Sum Hospital in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India aimed to assess the occurrence of and risk factors for phlebitis with use of peripheral intravenous cannulas (PIVCs) among postoperative patients. Methods and Materials: A prospective cohort study design involved a purposive sample of 330 postoperative patients aged 18 or older with peripheral intravenous cannula-associated phlebitis (PICP) who were admitted to the male and female surgical wards. Data collected included patient demographics, medical diagnoses, admission details, and PICP characteristics. Observations using the visual infusion phlebitis (VIP) scale were conducted at 96-hr intervals to monitor PICP complications. Result: There was a suggestive association between PICP scores and cannula indwelling time, dressing material, and the presence of HIV/AIDS. Findings suggest that patients with compromised immune systems require specialized care strategies to minimize complications associated with the use of PICPs. Conclusion: The results of this study could enhance nurses’ preparedness to prevent and to promptly treat PICPs, reducing costs and patient discomfort by identifying complications and risk factors.