Intimate partner violence (IPV) routine screening is widely implemented, yet the evidence for pathways to impact remains unclear. Of the 32 abused women interviewed 16 weeks after antenatal IPV screening, 24 reported positive impact, six reported nil positive impact, and two reported negative impact. Using qualitative comparative analysis (QCA), key conditions for positive impact were care in asking, and support and validation from the midwife. Lack of these and lack of continuity of care were relevant to nil positive impact. Benefits included naming the abuse, connection, unburdening, taking steps to safety, and enabling informed care. Disclosure was not required for positive impact.
BacchusL.BullockL.SharpsP.BurnettC.SchminkeyD.BullerA. M.CampbellJ. (2016). “Opening the door”: A qualitative interpretive study of women’s experiences of being asked about intimate partner violence and receiving an intervention during perinatal home visits in rural and urban settings in the USA. Journal of Research in Nursing, 21, 345-364. doi:10.1177/1744987116649634
2.
BefaniB. (2016). Pathways to change: Evaluating development interventions with Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA). Surrey, UK: Expertgruppen för biståndsanalys.
3.
Berg-SchlosserD.de MeurG. (2009). Comparative research design: Case and variable selection. In RihouxB.RaginC. (Eds.), Configurational Comparative Methods: Qualitative Comparative Analysis and Related Techniques (pp. 19-32). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
4.
Berg-SchlosserD.de MeurG.RihouxB.RaginC. (2009). Qualitative Configurative Analysis as an approach. In RihouxB.RaginC. (Eds.), Configurational comparative methods: Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) and related techniques (pp. 1-18). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
5.
Bradbury-JonesC.TaylorJ.KrollT.DuncanF. (2014). Domestic abuse awareness and recognition among primary healthcare professionals and abused women: A qualitative investigation. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 23, 3057-3068.
6.
BurkeJ.MahoneyB.GielenA.McDonnellK.O’CampoP. (2009). Defining appropriate stages of change for intimate partner violence survivors. Violence and Victims, 24, 36-51.
7.
CampbellJ. (1995). Assessing dangerousness: Violence by sexual offenders, batterers and child abusers. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
8.
EustaceJ.BairdK.SaitoA.CreedyD. (2016). Midwives’ experiences of routine enquiry for intimate partner violence in pregnancy. Women and Birth, 29, 503-510.
9.
EvansM. A.FederG. (2016). Help-seeking amongst women survivors of domestic violence: A qualitative study of pathways towards formal and informal support. Health Expectations, 19, 62-73. doi:10.1111/hex.12330
10.
Family Violence Death Review Committee. (2016). Fifth report: 2014 to December 2015. Wellington, NZ: Author.
11.
FederG.HutsonM.RamsayJ.TaketA. (2006). Women exposed to intimate partner violence: Expectations and experiences when they encounter health care professionals: A meta-analysis of qualitative studies. Archives of Internal Medicine, 166, 22-37. doi:10.1001/archinte.166.1.22
12.
Garcia-MorenoC.HegartyK.d’OliveiraA.Koziol-McLainJ.ColombiniM.FederG. (2015). The health systems response to violence against women. Lancet, 385, 1567-1579.
13.
GoodmanL.Fels SmythK.BanyardV. (2010). Beyond the 50-minute hour: Increasing control, choice, and connections in the lives of low-income women. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 80, 3-11.
14.
HackettS.TaylorA. (2014). Decision making in social work with children and families: The use of experiential and analytical cognitive processes. British Journal of Social Work, 44, 2182-2199.
15.
HegartyK.GunnJ.O’DohertyL.TaftA.ChondrosP.FederG., et al. (2010). Women’s evaluation of abuse and violence care in general practice: A cluster randomised controlled trial (weave). BMC Public Health, 10, Article 2. Retrieved from http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/10/2
16.
HermanJ. (1992). Trauma and recovery: The aftermath of violence—From domestic abuse to political terror. New York: HarperCollins.
17.
JordanE.Javernick-WillA.AmadeiB. (2014). A qualitative comparative analysis of neighborhood recovery following Hurricane Katrina. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 5, 391-412.
18.
KlevensJ.KeeR.TrickW.GarciaD.AnguloF. R.JonesR.SadowskiL. S. (2012). Effect of screening for partner violence on women’s quality of life: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of the American Medical Association, 308, 681-689.
19.
KlevensJ.SaltzmanL. (2009). The controversy on screening for intimate partner violence: A question of semantics?Journal of Women’s Health, 18, 143-145.
20.
KothariC.RohsT.DavidsonS.KothariR.KleinC.KoestnerA., et al. (2015). Emergency department visits and injury hospitalizations for female and male victims and perpetrators of intimate partner violence. Advances in Emergency Medicine, 2015, Article 502703. doi:10.1155/2015/502703
21.
Koziol-McLainJ.GarrettN.FanslowJ.HassallI.DobbsT.Henare-TokaT.LovellV. (2010). A randomized controlled trial of a brief emergency department intimate partner violence screening intervention. Annals of Emergency Medicine, 56, 413-423.
22.
Koziol-McLainJ.GiddingsL.RamekaM.FyfeE. (2008). Intimate partner violence screening and brief intervention: Experiences of women in two New Zealand health care settings. Journal of Midwifery & Women’s Health, 53, 504-510.
23.
MacMillanH. L.WathenC. N.JamiesonE.BoyleM.McNuttL. A.WorsterA., et al. (2006). Approaches to screening for intimate partner violence in health care settings: A randomized trial. Journal of the American Medical Association, 296, 530-536.
24.
MacMillanH. L.WathenC. N.JamiesonE.BoyleM.ShannonH.Ford-GilboeM., et al. (2009). Screening for intimate partner violence in health care settings: A randomized trial. Journal of the American Medical Association, 302, 493-501. doi:10.1001/jama.2009.1089
25.
NelsonH.BougatsosC.BlazinaI. (2012). Screening women for intimate partner violence: A systematic review to update the 2004 U.S. preventive service task force recommendation. Annals of Internal Medicine, 156, 796-808.
26.
NSW Department of Health. (2006). Policy and procedures for identifying and responding to domestic violence. North Sydney, Australia: NSW Health.
O’DohertyL.HegartyK.RamsayJ.DavidsonL.FederG.TaftA. (2015). Screening women for intimate partner violence in healthcare settings. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 7, Article CD007007.
29.
ProchaskaJ.DiClementeC. (1983). Stages and processes of self-change of smoking: Toward an integrative model of change. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, 390-395.
ReisenhoferS.TaftA. (2013). Women’s journey to safety—The Transtheoretical Model in clinical practice when working with women experiencing intimate partner violence: A scientific review and clinical guidance. Patient Education & Counseling, 93, 536-548. doi:10.1016/j.pec.2013.08.004
34.
RichardsonC.WadeA. (2010). Islands of safety: Restoring dignity in violence-prevention work with Indigenous families. First Peoples Child & Family Review, 5, 137-145.
35.
RihouxB.de MeurG. (2009). Crisp-set qualitative comparative analysis. In RihouxB.RaginC. (Eds.), Configurational comparative methods: Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) and related techniques (pp. 33-68). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
36.
RihouxB.RaginC. (Eds.) (2009). Configurational comparative methods: Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) and related techniques. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
37.
RitchieJ.SpencerL. (1994). Qualitative data analysis for applied policy research. In BrymanA.BurgessR. G. (Eds.), Analysing qualitative data (pp. 173-194). London, England: Routledge.
38.
RivasC.RamsayJ.SadowskiL.DavidsonL.DunneD.EldridgeS., et al. (2015). Advocacy interventions to reduce or eliminate violence and promote the physical and psychosocial well-being of women who experience intimate partner abuse. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 12, CD005043. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005043
39.
SchragerJ. D.SmithL. S.HeronS. L.HouryD. (2013). Does stage of change predict improved intimate partner violence outcomes following an emergency department intervention?Academic Emergency Medicine, 20, 169-177. doi:10.1111/acem.12081
40.
SnyderB. (2016). Women’s experience of being interviewed about abuse: a qualitative systematic review. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 23(9-10), 605-613. doi: 10.1111/jpm.12353
41.
SpangaroJ.HerringS.FrailM.Koziol-McLainJ.RutherfordA.ZwiA. (2016). “They aren’t really black fellas but they are easy to talk to”: Factors which influence Australian Aboriginal women’s decision to disclose intimate partner violence during pregnancy. Midwifery, 41, 79-88.
42.
SpangaroJ.HerringS.Koziol-McLainJ.RutherfordA.ZwiA. (2019). “Yarn about it”: Aboriginal Australian women’s perceptions of the impact of routine inquiry for intimate partner violence. Culture Health and Sexuality, 21(7), 789-806. doi: 10.1080/13691058.2018.1519117
43.
SpangaroJ.Koziol-McLainJ.ZwiA.RutherfordA.FrailM.RuaneJ. (2016). Deciding to tell: Qualitative configurational analysis of decisions to disclose experience of intimate partner violence in antenatal care. Social Science & Medicine, 154, 45-53.
44.
SpangaroJ.ZwiA. B.PoulosR. (2009). The elusive search for definitive evidence on routine screening for intimate partner violence. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 10, 55-68. doi:10.1177/1524838008327261
45.
SpangaroJ.ZwiA. B.PoulosR. (2011). “Persist. Persist.”: A qualitative study of women’s decisions to disclose and their perceptions of the impact of routine screening for intimate partner violence. Psychology of Violence, 1, 150-162.
46.
SpragueS.GoslingsJ.HogentorenC.de MillianoS.SimunovicN.MaddenK.BhandarM. (2014). Prevalence of intimate partner violence across medical and surgical health care settings: A systematic review. Violence Against Women, 20, 118-136.
47.
StarkE. (2007). Coercive control: How men entrap women in personal life. New York: Oxford University Press.
48.
WattsC.HeiseL.EllsbergM.Garcia MorenoC. (2001). Putting women first: Ethical and safety recommendations for research on domestic violence against women. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
49.
WilburL.NoelN.CouriG. (2013). Is screening women for intimate partner violence in the emergency department effective?Annals of Emergency Medicine, 62, 609-611. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2013.06.012
50.
WilliamsJ.Gonzalez-GardaR.HalsteadV.MartinezJ.JosephL. (2017). Disclosing gender-based violence during health care visits: A patient-centered approach. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. doi:10.1177/0886260517720733
51.
WilliamsJ.HalsteadV.SalaniD.KoermerN. (2016). Intimate partner violence screening and response: Policies and procedures across health care facilities. Women’s Health Issues, 26, 377-383. doi:10.1016/j.whi.2016.03.006
52.
WillisM. (2011). Trends and Issues in Crime and Criminal Justice. Non-disclosure of violence in Australian Indigenous communities. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology.
53.
World Health Organization. (2013). Responding to intimate partner violence and sexual violence against women: WHO clinical and policy guidelines. Geneva, Switzerland: Author.
54.
ZakrisonT.RuizX.GelbardR.ClineJ.TurayD.Luo-OwenX., et al. (2017). Universal screening for intimate partner and sexual violence in trauma patients: An EAST multicenter trial. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, 83, 105-110. doi:10.1097/TA.0000000000001495
55.
ZinkT.ElderN.JacobsonJ.KlostermannB. (2004). Medical management of intimate partner violence considering the stages of change: Precontemplation and contemplation. Annals of Family Medicine, 2, 231-239.
