Steel-spring floating slab track is widely used in special vibration-damping sections of urban rail transit because of its good vibration-damping performance. However, in engineering practice, bottlenecks such as the nature of elastic wave coupling with environmental media and elastic wave modulation have not yet been established as theoretical analysis and experimental measurement methods. In this paper, based on the energy generalized variational principle of the physical properties of elastic waves, a joint analytical model of the three-dimensional steel-spring floating slab track periodic structure is established. The dispersion curves and eight bandgap characteristics in the complex domain are obtained. It is verified that the vibration acceleration response of the track structure is caused by the intersection of the dispersion curve and the load moving line. And the bandgap can effectively suppress the Doppler phenomenon.
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