Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

The aim of this study was to detect the prevalence of the polymorphisms of growth arrest—specific gene 6 (Gas6; Gas6 c. 834 + 7G > A) in patients with sticky platelet syndrome (SPS). Sticky platelet syndrome is a hereditary, autosomal dominant thrombophilia characterized by platelet hyperaggregation after low concentrations of platelet inducers—adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and epinephrine (EPI). The cause of SPS still remains unknown, but in recent years it was suggested that Gas6 protein may have a potential role in the pathogenesis of SPS. To assess the Gas6 polymorphisms (Gas6 c. 834 + 7G > A), 128 patients with SPS were included in the study and examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. GG genotype was detected in 63 (49.2%) patients, GA genotype in 53 (41.4%) patients, and AA genotype in 12 (9.4%) patients. The results in controls did not differ significantly compared to patients with SPS. Our findings did not prove allele A to be less associated with thrombosis and that ‘‘prothrombotic’’ allele G may be associated with higher risk of thrombosis. We cannot support the idea that Gas6 protein and Gas6 polymorphisms may be associated with thrombosis in SPS.

Keywords

platelets platelet hyperaggregability thrombosis Gas6 protein

References

Bick RL Sticky platelet syndrome: a common cause of unexplained arterial and venous thrombosis. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 1998;4(2):77-81.

Kubisz P. , Ivankov J. , Holly P. , Stasko JN , Musiał J. The glycoprotein IIIa PL(A1/A2) polymorphism-a defect responsible for sticky platelet syndrome? Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2006; 12(1):117-119.

Mammen EF Ten years’ experience with the ‘‘Sticky platelet syndrome .’’. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 1995;1(1):66-72.

Kubisz P. , Musial J. , Staško J. , et al. Sticky platelet syndrome (SPS) and platelet glycoprotein polymorphisms . XXIst Congress of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis; 6-12 July 2007; Geneva.

Linder SL Sticky platelet syndrome in adolescent migraine with aura (abstract). Cephalalgia. 2001;21:459.

Mammen EF Sticky platelet syndrome. Semin Thromb Hemost. 1999;25(2):361-365.

Warrier I. , Nigro M. , Hillman C. , et al. Platelet activation associated with stroke migraine in children . Thromb Haemost. 1991;50:449.

Mühlfeld AS , Ketteler M. , Schwamborn K. , et al. Sticky platelet syndrome: an underrecognized cause of graft dysfunction and thromboembolic complications in renal transplant recipients. Am J Transplant. 2007;7(7):1865-1868.

Bick RL , Hoppensteadt D. Recurrent miscarriage syndrome due to blood coagulation protein/platelet defects: a review and update. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2005;11(1):1-13.

10.

Bick RL , Laughlin HR , Cohan B. , et al. Fetal wastage syndrome due to blood protein/platelet defects: results of prevalence studies and treatment outcome with low-dose heparin and low-dose aspirin. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 1995;1(4):286.

11.

Bick RL and the DRW Metroplex Recurrent Miscarriage Syndrome Cooperative Group. Recurrent miscarriage syndrome due to blood coagulation protein/platelet defects: prevalence, treatment and outcome results. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2000;6(3):115-125.

12.

Mammen EF , Barnhart MJ , Selik NR , Gilroy J. , Klepach GL ‘‘Sticky platelet syndrome’’: a congenital platelet abnormality predisposing to thrombosis? Folia Haematol Int Mag Klin Morphol Blutforsch. 1988;115(3):361-365.

13.

Andersen J. Advances in hematology. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol. 2006;4(6):432-434.

14.

Muñoz X. , Sumoy L. , Ramírez-Lorca R. , Villar J. , de Frutos PG , Sala N. Human vitamin K-dependent Gas6: gene structure, allelic variation and association with stroke. Hum Mutat. 2004;23(5):506-512.

15.

Balogh I. , Hafizi S. , Stenhoff J. , Hansson K. , Dahlbäck B. Analysis of Gas6 in human platelets and plasma. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2005;25(6):1280-1286.

16.

Chen C. , Li Q. , Darrow AL , et al. Mer receptor tyrosine kinase signaling participates in platelet function. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2004 ;24(6):1118-1123.

17.

Fernández-Fernández L. , Bellido-Martin L. , García de Frutos P. Growth arrest-specific gene 6 (GAS6). An outline of its role in haemostasis and inflammation. Thromb Haemost. 2008;100(4): 604-610.

18.

Gould WR , Baxi SM , Schroeder R. , et al. Gas6 receptors Axl, Sky and Mer enhance platelet activation and regulate thrombotic responses. J Thromb Haemost. 2005;3(4):733-741.

19.

Angelillo-Scherrer A. , Burnier L. , Flores N. , et al. Role of Gas6 receptors in platelet signaling during thrombus stabilization and implications for antithrombotic therapy. J Clin Invest. 2005; 115(2):237-246.

20.

Angelillo-Scherrer A. , de Frutos P. , Aparicio C. , et al. Deficiency or inhibition of Gas6 causes platelet dysfunction and protects mice against thrombosis. Nat Med. 2001;7(2):215-221.

21.

Maree AO , Jneid H. , Palacios IF , Rosenfield K. , MacRae CA , Fitzgerald DJ Growth arrest specific gene (GAS) 6 modulates platelet thrombus formation and vascular wall homeostasis and represents an attractive drug target. Curr Pharm Des. 2007;13(26):2656-2661.

22.

Muñoz X. , Obach V. , Hurtado B. , de Frutos PG , Chamorro A. , Sala N. Association of specific haplotypes of Gas6 gene with stroke. Thromb Haemost. 2007;98(2):406-412.

23.

Statistics at Square One: Differences Between Percentages and Paired Alternatives. http://www.bmj.com/collections/statsbk/6.html , Accessed on December 1, 2008.

Is Gas6 Protein Associated With Sticky Platelet Syndrome?

Abstract

Keywords

References