In his lead article for this series, Campbell discusses the role of a "disputatious and
mutually reinforcing community of truth seekers" in promoting a sociology of scientific
validity. Situating his work in the broader context of the sociology of science, we first raise
a number of questions about the conceptual and empirical warrant for his recommendations, local factors that might affect their implementation, and temporal and "level of
analysis "issues which could influence the optimal form that a scientific community might
take. In general, however, these considerations do not vitiate Campbell's prescriptions so
much as point up the need for conceptually informed empirical research on the outcome of
varymg social structures for science. We then survey some of the potential contributions to
science studies that are being made by psychologists of diverse specialties, ranging from a
relatively mdividualistic focus on creativity and cognitive processes to a broader view of
scientific behavior in a social context. As a complement to Campbell's predominantly
sociological analysis, these psychological contributions reinforce the view that scientific
validity can best be promoted through the collaborative study and eventual implementation
of proposals generated by the multiple disciplines concerned with science studies.
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