Parent's Perception to Early Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding Treatment in Infants with Cleft lip and Palate: A Qualitative Analysis

Abstract

Objective

To understand parent's responses, coping mechanisms, and psychosocial adjustment to presurgical nasoalveolar molding (PNAM) therapy.

Design

This qualitative study was conducted with parents of infants with cleft lip and palate (CLP) who had undergone PNAM. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with parents attending PNAM treatment sessions from March 2021 to March 2022.

Setting

The study was conducted at the tertiary CLP center.

Patients, Participants

The study included 12 parents of CLP infants (n = 12) who attended PNAM therapy. Exclusion criteria included parents of CLP infants who had incomplete PNAM treatment or who were unwilling to participate in the study.

Intervention

The interviews were video recorded and transcripts were prepared. Data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis.

Main Outcome

Three primary themes, each with multiple sub-themes, were identified.

Results

Theme 1: “Challenges for Parents” discussed various social (stigma)barriers, discomfort experienced by the baby and the difficulties in daily routines during PNAM therapy.

Theme2

“Parents’ Responses” addressed psychological responses such as anxiety, self-doubt, and how parents overcame these challenges.

Theme3

“Psychological Adjustment (Coping)” explored social support, focus on problem and problem-solving, and the sense of mastery and satisfaction that parents developed during the process.

Conclusion

Within the limitations of the study, a range of psychosocial impacts on parents were identified. Various coping strategies, such as social support from family, other parents with similar conditions, and the healthcare team, had a positive impact on parents. Successful completion led to positive outcomes, including increased empowerment and enhanced bonding with their infants.