Ergonomic risks and musculoskeletal disorders: A descriptive study on nurses

Abstract

Background

Workplaces can present ergonomic hazards, leading to musculoskeletal problems.

Objective

This study focused on ergonomic risks and musculoskeletal disorders experienced by nurses.

Methods

This was a descriptive study. The research was conducted between January and May 2023. The sample consisted of 537 nurses. Data were collected face-to-face using a personal information form, the Questionnaire Survey of Ergonomic Risks Among Nursing Workers-TR (ErgoEnf-TR), and the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ).

Results

Participants had a mean ErgoEnf-TR “biomechanical factors,” “environmental factors/workplace,” and “organizational and psychosocial factors” subscale score of 71.89 ± 22.48, 56.74 ± 28.33, and 67.10 ± 25.48, respectively. Participants working night and day/night shifts had a significantly higher mean ErgoEnf-TR score than those working day shifts. Participants who could not take breaks had a significantly higher mean ErgoEnf-TR score than those who could. Participants who did not adhere to the principles of body mechanics had a significantly higher mean ErgoEnf-TR score than those who did. Participants who did not exercise regularly had a significantly higher mean ErgoEnf-TR score than those who did. The ergonomic risks included musculoskeletal disorders in the lower back, back, neck, and shoulders. Furthermore, ergonomic risk increased by one unit in the presence of biomechanical, environmental, organizational, and psychosocial factors.

Conclusion

Individual characteristics and workplace factors put nurses at an increased risk for musculoskeletal problems. Working style, rest status, work stress, compliance with the principles of body mechanics, regular exercise, and pain status affect nurses’ ergonomic risk scores.