Development and Psychometric Validation of a Model-Based Questionnaire on Work Stress Management and Safety Behavior in Cement Workers

Abstract

Background

Health and safety at the workplace are critical to the well-being of workers and to the performance of the organization. Stress management has a significant impact on safety behaviour, especially in high-risk sectors such as cement production.

Objective

The aim of the study was to develop and validate a culturally appropriate questionnaire to assess the coping with stress and safety behaviour of cement factory workers.

Methods

A cross-sectional psychometric study was conducted from January 2023 to January 2024 at the Zaveh City cement factory in Torbat Heydarieh, Iran, with 276 completed questionnaires.

Results

The final 21 item tool has demonstrated its robust reliability (Cronbach's alpha and ICC) and validity. EFA explained 69.18 percent of the variability (KOM = 0.89). A significant positive correlation was observed between stress management and safety behaviours (r = 0.58, p < 0.001). The CFA showed excellent fit to the model (CFI = 0.93, GFI = 0.91, RMSEA = 0.049).

Conclusions

The questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool; the findings support the inclusion of stress reduction strategies in the cement industry's safety programmes.