AbstractKeywordsElectroconvulsive therapyBifrontalDepressionObsessive compulsive disorderTreatment resistant depressionECTOCGTRDcognitionGet full access to this articleView all access options for this article.Get accessReferences1. Liu D Liang R Bai S , et al. Effect of modified electroconvulsive therapy on neuro metabolites and magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging signals in patients with refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Affect Disord. 2022;296:616-621.