From Vulnerabilities to Social Protection for Migrant Workers: Exploring the Missing Links

Abstract

The article attempts to explore the formal and informal social protection strategies available to the migrant workers in Kerala in the context of the vulnerabilities faced by them. We conducted in-depth qualitative interviews with plywood industry workers in Ernakulam district, which accounts for the highest proportion of migrant workers in Kerala. The narratives obtained from the plywood workers reveal their workplace vulnerabilities, highlighting the failure of private capital in providing decent work and social protection. The Kerala government has attempted to bridge the gap by extending social protection schemes like Aawaz and Roshni exclusively for the welfare of migrant workers. These programmes highlight a progressive approach to policy, recognising these workers as a distinct group within the social protection framework. However, there are some gaps in the implementation of these schemes owing to inadequate coverage, institutional barriers and language constraints. Findings from the study suggest that a comprehensive and collaborative approach must involve an active role of the employer, along with state support, to address the vulnerabilities of the migrant workers.