This paper discusses the multidimensional nature of banking development and its effects on economic growth. Previous studies focused on the quantity dimension and overlooked other dimensions of banking development, which may have led to serious omitted variable bias in exploring the determinants of economic growth. However, incorporating other dimensions, such as banking efficiency, into growth models has proven to be a challenging task. More efforts are needed to construct indicators that can be used to proxy banking development in a more inclusive, precise, and consistent manner in future studies.
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