Analysing the Likelihood of and Market Reaction to Reverse Stock Splits in India

Abstract

The study analysed the factors that motivated Indian companies to pursue reverse stock splits strategy. The article also aimed at examining the market reaction around the announcement and effective dates of reverse stock splits. Analysing the reverse stock splits pursued by Indian companies during the period 2002–2022, it was found that poor growth opportunities in the past were the main reasons for Indian companies pursuing reverse stock splits. Further, reverse stock splits were chosen by the companies whose stocks were trading as penny stocks, in the pre-split period. Here, the motivation was to improve the image of their stocks amongst the institutional investors. Realizing these value-improving motives on part of the companies adopting reverse stock splits, the market participants reacted positively to the news of reverse stock splits on the announcement as well as the effective date. Thus, the study supported positive signalling theory and image improvement theory as the rationales for Indian companies pursuing reverse stock splits and the resultant positive market reaction.