Why Inter-sectoral Coordination is Imperative for Improved Menstrual Hygiene Management in India

Abstract

Effective menstrual hygiene management (MHM) is essential for respecting the fundamental rights of girls and women. According to the Census 2011, women aged 15–49 represent about 53% of the total female population of India. Therefore, the monthly requirement of such a huge population must be handled with proper attention. Certain initiatives have been taken to address the MHM in India, such as Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram (RKSK), SABLA programme of the Ministry of Women and Child Development (MWCD), MHM guidelines and Swachh Bharat:Swachh Vidyalaya (SB:SV) campaign. While the systematic review of Indian studies estimated that barely half (48%) of adolescent girls in India were aware of menarche before their first menstruation, and had inadequate knowledge when attaining menarche. The purpose of the study is to examine the need for inter-sectoral coordination for improved MHM in India. This study argues that coordination with other sectors will improve the management of menstrual hygiene, overall health, well-being and rights of women and girls. The study underwent peer review and grey literature on menstrual health and hygiene, sexual and reproductive health (SRH), water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) publications. Apart from the socio-economic factors, cultural acceptability, personal references, availability and access to WASH facilities are also contributing factors for menstrual hygiene. Educational interventions can improve menstrual hygiene practices among girls and women. Better MHM requires excellent knowledge and awareness, safe and secure sanitary products, very good WASH facilities and menstrual management facilities, too. Therefore, coordination between the various ministries and departments is the only way to improve MHM.