Spot urine protein/creatinine ratio is unreliable estimate of 24 h proteinuria in lupus nephritis when the histological scores of activity index are higher
Restricted accessResearch articleFirst published online August, 2015
Spot urine protein/creatinine ratio is unreliable estimate of 24 h proteinuria in lupus nephritis when the histological scores of activity index are higher
The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation and agreement of spot urine protein/creatinine (P/C) ratio with 24 h proteinuria in patients with lupus nephritis (LN) under different scores of activity index (AI).
Methods
In total, 90 pairs of 24 h urine and spot urine samples from 90 patients with biopsy-proven LN were analyzed. The correlation and agreement between the two sample types were assessed by Pearson correlation and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) using mixed model for repeated measurements, respectively.
Results and conclusions
Overall, 24 h proteinuria correlated strongly with the spot urine P/C ratio (r = 0.671, p < 0.001) with a good agreement (ICC = 0.656, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.52–0.76). Subgroup analyses revealed that the correlation remained high in all groups (r = 0.825, p < 0.001; r = 0.567, p = 0.001; r = 0.686, p = 0.020), the agreement in group A (low AI) was good (ICC = 0.824, 95% CI: 0.70–0.89), but in group B (middle AI) and group C (high AI), the agreements were weak (ICC = 0.503, 95% CI: 0.19–0.72; ICC = 0.532, 95% CI: 0.06–0.84). Our work suggests that over the range of a higher AI, however, correlation was present but agreement was poor.
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