1 Rats were dosed orally with illudin S, a toxic substance derived from the poisonous mushroom Lampteromyces japonicus. The digestive tract showed severe damage, whereas the liver, kidney and lung did not show any significant changes.
2 The effects observed became more pronounced with increasing illudin S dose (5, 10 or 20 mg kg -1 body weight).
3 Severe inflammation and oedema were observed in the stomach and moderate changes in the proximal part of the small intestine.
4 Histopathological examination revealed haemorrha gic erosions and marked inflammatory oedema in the gastric mucosa.
Nakai K.Studies on poisonous mushrooms. I. Toxicity of Pleurotus japonicus. Med Biol1958; 48: 33-35.
2.
Nakanishi K. et al. Isolation of lampterol from Lampteromyces japonicus (KAWAM.) SING. Yakugaku Zasshi1963 ; 83: 377-380.
3.
Nakanishi K. et al. Isolation of lampterol, an antitumour substance from Lampteromyces japonicus. Nature1963; 197: 292.
4.
Tada M. et al. Structure and reactions of illudin S (lampterol). Chem Pharm Bull1964; 12: 853-855.
5.
Nakanishi K. et al. Sterochemistry of illudin S (lampterol) . Chem Pharm Bull1964; 12: 856-857.
6.
Nakanishi K. et al. Illudin S (lampterol). Tetrahedron1965; 21: 1231-1246.
7.
Matsumoto T. et al. Structure of lampterol (illudin S). Tetrahedron1965; 21: 2671-2676.
8.
McMorris TC et al. The structures of the basidiomycete metabolites illudin S and illudin M. J Am Chem Soc1963; 85: 831-832.
9.
McMorris TC et al. Fungal metabolites. The structures of the novel sesquiterpenoids illudin-S and -M. J Am Chem Soc1965; 87: 1594-1600.
10.
Itano T.Illudin S.; a possible new type inhibitor of RNA synthesis, and analysis of its action mechanism. Okayama Igaku Zasshi1978; 91: 456-460.
11.
Shinozawa K. et al. Enhancement of the effect of illudin S by including it into liposomes. Experientia1979; 35: 1102-1103.
12.
Kelner MJ et al. Preclinical evaluation of illudins as anticancer agents. Cancer Res1987; 47: 3186—3189 .
13.
Kelner MJ et al. Preclinical evaluation of illudins as anticancer agents: Basis for selective cytotoxicity. J Nat Cancer1990 ; 82: 1562-1565.
14.
McMorris TC et al. Structure-activity relationships of illudins: Analogs with improved therapeutic index. J Organic Chem1992; 57: 6876-6883.
15.
Tanaka K. et al. Metabolism of illudin S, a toxic principle of Lampteromyces japonicus, by rat liver. I. Isolation and identification of cyclopropane ring-cleavage metabolites. Xenobiotica1990; 20: 671-681.
16.
Tanaka K. et al. Conjugation of illudin S, a toxic substance of Lampteromyces japonicus, with cysteine and cysteine-containing peptide in vitro. Chem Pharm Bull1996 (in press).
17.
Yamaura Y. et al. Effects of poisonous mushrooms, Rhodophyllus rhodopolius, Lampteromyces japonicus, Tricholoma ustale and Naematoloma fasciculare in mice. JapanJ Toxicol1989; 2: 159-164.
