A vaccine preparation consisting of tetanus toxoid (TT) encapsulated in biodegradable poly (D,L-Lactide) glyco lide polymer has been developed. The toxicity of the preparation was evaluated in adult male and female Wistar rats injected IM with 20, 100 and 200 Lf tetanus toxoid, in polymer in 0.5 ml vehicle. No adverse effect of the vaccine could be seen, except for a granulomatous reaction at the site of injection. The vaccine was considered safe based on the findings in rats of both sexes.
Langer R.; Polymer for the sustained release of macromolecules: Their use in a single step method of immunization. Methods Enzymol198173: 56-75
2.
Wise, DL; Opportunities and challenges in the design of implantable biodegradable polymeric systems for the delivery of antimicrobial agents and vaccines. Adv Drug Deliv Rev198719-39
3.
Gilley RM; Developments of secretory and systemic immunity following oral administration of microencapsulated antigens. Proc Int Symp Rel Bioact Mater198815: 123-124
4.
Hora MS; Controlled release of interleukin-2 from biodegradable microspheres. Biotechnology19908: 755-758
5.
Eldridge JH, Staas JK, Meulbroek JA, Tice TR and Gilley RM; Biodegradable and biocompatible Poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres as an adjuvant for Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B toxoid which enhances the level of toxin - neutralizing antibodies. Infect Immunol199159: 2978-2986
6.
Preis I. and Langer R.; A single step immunization by sustained antigen release. J. Immunol Methods197928: 193-197
7.
Kohn J., Niemi SM, Albert EC, Murphy JC, Langer R. and Fox J.; Single - step immunization using controlled release biodegradable polymer with sustained adjuvant activity. J. Immunol Methods198695: 31-38
8.
O'Hagan DT, Rahman D., Megee JP, Jeffery H., et al; Biodegradable microparticles as controlled release antigen delivery system. Immunology199173: 239-244
9.
Singh M., Singh A. and Talwar GP; Controlled delivery of diphtheria toxoid using biodegradable poly (D,L-lactide) microcapsules. Pharmacol. Res.19918: 958-961
10.
Eldbridge HJ, Hammad JC, Meulbroek JA, Stass JK, Gilley RM and Tice TR; Control vaccine release in the gut associated lymphokine tissue - 1 orally administered biodegradable microspheres target the Peyer's Patches. J. Control Red199011: 205-214
11.
Esparza I. and Kissel T.; Parameters affecting the immunogenicity of microencapsulated tetanus toxoid . Vaccine199210: 714-720
12.
Sethi N., Singh RK and Srivastava RK; Subacute toxicity of adsorbed 250 Lf tetanus toxoid in rats. Indian J Exp Biol1990a 28: 218-220
13.
Sethi N., Srivastava RK, Singh RK and Srivastava S.; Safety evaluation of a potent tetanus toxoid (250Lf) in guinea-pigs. Biomed EnvironSci19903: 364-371
14.
Alonso MJ, Gupta RK, Min C., Siber GR and Langer R.; Biodegradable microspheres as controlled- release tetanus toxoid delivery systems. Vaccine199412: 299-306
