Newman and Holzman's reformulation of Vygotskyan psychology, centering around the notions of `tool and result', `the practice of method', and `completion', are, like their later attempts to criticize and find practice-based alternatives to scientific psychology, and even to epistemology in general, thought-provoking and relevant. It may be, however, that the author's reference to `practice', in particular with the postmodern turn to `performance', below its revolutionary surface represents a rather traditional way of dismissing the significance of societal conditions and promoting therapeutic expertise.
Friedman, D. (1994). Why do Americans believe in the existence of cults?Practice: The Magazine of Psychology and Political Economy, 10(1), 1-19.
2.
Holzman, L. , & Polk, H. (Eds.). (1988). History is the cure: A social therapy reader. New York: Practice Press.
3.
Newman, F. (1991). The politics and psychology of addiction. Practice: The Magazine of Psychology and Political Economy, 8(1), 9-18.
4.
Newman, F. , & Gergen, K. (1995). Diagnosis: The human cost of the rage to order. Paper, American Psychological Association, New York. Read from the Castillo Cultural Center's website. By February 1999, it's http://www.catillo.org//Eastside-apa.html
