High stability diesel desulfurization for production eco-friendly fuel in new oscillatory central baffled reactor using alumina-(MnO 2 -Fe 2 O 3 /MAC) coated catalyst

Abstract

Oxidation desulfurization for sour diesel oil (8281 ppm S) using new activated carbon (AC) reinforced via bi-active metallic and protected with alumina as catalyst and hydrogen peroxide as oxidant in novel tow-phase oscillatory central baffled reactor is examined. The desulfurization reactions are achieved under moderate parameters: temperature (30–90°C), oxidation time (3–12 min), net flow net Reynold's numbers, Re_n (34.87–8.74), and oscillatory Reynold's numbers, and Re_o (73–1168). The new baskets central baffle is developed for ultradeep and continuous heterogeneous oxidative desulfurization (ODS) process. The results are proved that showed that desulfurization efficiency in the new oscillatory central baffled reactor (OCBR) is remarkably higher than in transitional technologies at similar conditions and longer time. Results are proved that 96.5% sulfur removal efficiency achieved at short desulfurization time (12 min) and best conditions (90°C, Re_n = 8.74, and Re_o = 1168). Spreading of MnO₂ and Fe₂O₃ as catalytic active oxides over high surface AC is dramatically boosted the oxidation rate owing to create new oxidation sites and upgrade sulfur adsorption rate. Al₂O₃ coating layer is prevented rapid deactivation of catalyst; thereby coated catalyst is observed stable removal efficiency with slight reduction from 96.45% to 96.14% after five consecutive desulfurization cycles compared to non-coated catalyst. The desulfurization kinetic parameters are evaluated under the best conditions using coated catalyst in OCBR. The oxidation reaction is followed first order model, with pre-exponential factor (k_o) of 0.15 s⁻¹ and low apparent activation energy (15.51 kJ/mol).