Gust is a common atmospheric condition encountered by wind turbines. Despite the presence of a vast amount of literature on this topic, few of them involve lateral gust influence. Due to this motivation, this paper presents an investigation on the effects of sinusoidal gusts on a three-bladed vertical axis wind turbine under varying gust parameters including gust direction, velocity amplitude, and frequency. The chimera mesh technique is used to model the real rotation of the rotor, as well as the resolved gust approach model in the DLR (German Aerospace Center) TAU code for gust simulation. Both the general aerodynamic computational fluid dynamics model and the gust model are validated before the following simulations. Numerous new flow phenomena and physics are revealed. The influences of gust on the rotor power output and flowfield characteristics are discussed and analyzed in detail. The findings in this study may be helpful for some practical wind engineering applications, such as atmospheric influence evaluation and field site selection.
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