Density is an important parameter for characterizing the type of ice and has a significant impact on the accuracy of icing detection and energy consumption of anti-icing. However, the existing techniques cannot quantitatively measure the ice density without disrupting the icing process. In this study, a novel approach for dynamically quantitatively measuring ice density is proposed. Ultrasonic pulse echo (UPE) technique was used to measure the ice thickness and density during the icing process. The correlation between the ice density and ultrasonic attenuation was established through numerical simulation. Subsequently, experiments were conducted in an icing wind tunnel (IWT) to measure the ice thickness and density. The findings indicated that the ice thickness ranges at temperatures of −5°C and −8°C were 0.36∼5.68 mm and 0.34∼4.81 mm, respectively. The densities of the ice were measured at 894.55 kg/m3 and 881.45 kg/m3 respectively, with a maximum absolute error of 4.4 kg/m3 compared with the ice density measured by microscope. The results showed that the dynamic quantitative measurement of ice density utilizing UPE technique is feasible. This methodology offers a novel avenue for measuring ice density in atmospheric icing phenomena.
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