Abstract
This study investigates the impact of coolant application during the turning of CK45 steel shafts on their mechanical, wear, and corrosion properties. Samples were machined at a cutting depth of 0.5 mm under two conditions using a water-based emulsion coolant and without coolant, and compared to untreated (as-received) material. Results demonstrated that coolant usage substantially improved material performance: hardness increased by 38% (from 218 to 301 HV), compressive strength rose by 31% (from 750 to 984 MPa), and wear resistance was enhanced by 82%, with weight loss due to wear decreasing from 18.51 to 3.32 mg. Furthermore, corrosion resistance improved by 87%, as the corrosion rate was reduced from 0.077 to 0.01 mm/year. These significant improvements, achieved through coolant-assisted machining and subsequent SPS processing of CK45 chips, present a novel, sustainable approach to enhancing steel component performance. Unlike previous studies that focused only on machining parameters or post-processing effects, this work combines chip recycling with controlled thermal-mechanical treatment. This integrated approach improves mechanical strength, wear resistance, and corrosion behavior at the same time. It also offers a scalable and sustainable strategy for producing high-performance components with lower environmental and material costs.
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