Study on the prediction of tire combined camber and sideslip friction coefficient based on pure sideslip and pure camber

Abstract

With the shift towards virtual verification in automotive development, virtual tire sampling is crucial. Existing finite-element (FE) methods, however, are computationally expensive and prone to convergence issues under complex combined loads involving camber and sideslip. This paper proposes a novel pure-condition-based prediction method to overcome these limitations, eliminating the need for direct full-camber-sideslip-condition FE simulation. Our major contributions include: Firstly, developing an ABAQUS subroutine to decouple the effects of contact pressure and slip velocity on friction based on the Savkoor model; secondly, conducting experimental friction tests on tire rubber to analyze camber and sideslip angle influences; and lastly Introducing an equivalent camber-to-sideslip transformation framework that incorporates carcass layout and lateral force effects. Validation confirms that pure-sideslip friction characteristics can be effectively extended to camber sideslip combined conditions by equivalencing camber with sideslip angle. This approach provides an accurate and computationally efficient solution for virtual tire sampling, balancing predictive performance with practical application needs in tire-vehicle matching.