Analysis of the influence of power coupling type and transmission type of the powertrain on the performance of single-motor hybrid electric vehicles

Abstract

Existing research on parallel hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) mainly focuses on optimizing the component sizes and control strategies of the single-motor parallel hybrid electric powertrain (SMPHP), and less analyzes the influence of powertrain configuration on the performance of the vehicle. Therefore, the influence of the power coupling type and transmission type of the powertrain configuration on the fuel economy and drivability performance of parallel HEVs is studied in this paper. Considering three types of powertrain topologies (P2 torque-coupled, P2 dual-mode coupled and P3 torque-coupled) and two types of automatic transmissions (DCT and CVT), six typical types of SMPHP configurations to be discussed are determined. To obtain their optimal fuel economy and drivability performance, a multi-objective optimization and analysis method based on dynamic programming and multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed to optimize the component sizes and control variables of powertrain configurations. Finally, the optimal performance and component size optimization results of six typical SMPHP configurations are analyzed and compared, and the influence of powertrain configuration on the performance and components sizing of the SMPHP is obtained, which contributes to the configuration design of the parallel hybrid electric powertrain.

Keywords

Parallel hybrid electric powertrain powertrain configuration system component sizing multi-objective optimization performance comparison

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Kabalan

Vinot

Cheng

, et al. Improvement of a series-parallel hybrid electric vehicle architecture. In: 2017 IEEE vehicle power and propulsion conference (VPPC), Belfort, France, 11–14 December 2017, pp.1–6. New York: IEEE.

Kim

Kum

. Feasibility assessment and design optimization of a clutchless multimode parallel hybrid electric powertrain. IEEE ASME Trans Mechatron 2016; 21: 774–786.

Peng

Yuan

, et al. Topological design of parallel hybrid transmission with electric torque support. In: Proceedings of the ASME 2015 international design engineering technical conferences and computers and information in engineering conference, Boston, MA, 2–5 August 2015, pp.1–6. New York: ASME.

Dong

. Design, analysis and modeling of a novel hybrid powertrain system based on hybridized automated manual transmission. Mech Syst Signal Process 2017; 93: 688–705.

Sundström

Guzzella

Soltic

. Optimal hybridization in two parallel hybrid electric vehicles using dynamic programming. IFAC Proc Vol 2008; 41: 4642–4647.

Lei

Sun

Liu

, et al. Analysis and coordinated control of mode transition and shifting for a full hybrid electric vehicle based on dual clutch transmissions. Mech Mach Theory 2017; 114: 125–140.

Guo

Peng

, et al. Research on regenerative braking control strategy of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle considering CVT ratio rate of change. Proc IMechE, Part D: J Automobile Engineering 2017; 232: 1931–1943.

Hofman

Ebbesen

Guzzella

. Topology optimization for hybrid electric vehicles with automated transmissions. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 2012; 61: 2442–2451.

Peng

Qin

, et al. Synthesis and analysis method for powertrain configuration of single motor hybrid electric vehicle. Mech Mach Theory 2020; 146: 103731.

10.

Yang

Pei

, et al. Comparison of power-split and parallel hybrid powertrain architectures with a single electric machine: dynamic programming approach. Appl Energy 2016; 168: 683–690.

11.

Silvas

Hofman

Murgovski

, et al. Review of optimization strategies for system-level design in hybrid electric vehicles. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 2017; 66: 57–70.

12.

Kabalan

Vinot

Yuan

, et al. Efficiency improvement of a series–parallel hybrid electric powertrain by topology modification. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 2019; 68: 11523–11531.

13.

Pourabdollah

Murgovski

Grauers

, et al. Optimal sizing of a parallel PHEV powertrain. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 2013; 62: 2469–2480.

14.

Kumar

Sharma

Deb

. A hybrid multi-objective optimization procedure using PCX based NSGA-II and sequential quadratic programming. In: 2007 IEEE congress on evolutionary computation, Singapore, 25–28 September 2007, pp.3011–3018. New York: IEEE.

15.

Cao

Wen

, et al. Application of particle swarm optimization for component sizes in parallel hybrid electric vehicles. In: 2008 IEEE congress on evolutionary computation, Hong Kong, China, 1–6 June 2008, pp.2874–2878. New York: IEEE.

16.

Qin

Luo

Zhuang

, et al. Simultaneous optimization of topology, control and size for multi-mode hybrid tracked vehicles. Appl Energy 2018; 212: 1627–1641.

17.

Madanipour

Montazeri-Gh

Mahmoodi-k

. Optimization of the component sizing for a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle using a genetic algorithm. Proc IMechE, Part D: J Automobile Engineering 2015; 230: 692–708.

18.

Zeng

Qin

, et al. Cost, fuel consumption and emission multi-objective parameter optimization for the powertrain of a plug-in HEV. Autom Eng 2016; 38: 397–402.

19.

Ozeki

Umeyama

. Development of Toyota’s transaxle for mini-van hybrid vehicles. SAE paper, 2002-01-0931, 2002.

20.

Walter

. Drive train for a hybrid motor vehicle. Patent US10843547B2, USA, 2020.

21.

Benford

Leising

. The lever analogy: a new tool in transmission analysis. SAE paper 810102, 1981.

22.

Song

, et al. Real-time implementation of optimal control considering gear shifting and engine starting for parallel hybrid electric vehicle based on dynamic programming. Optim Control Appl Methods 2018; 39: 757–773.

23.

Serrao

Onori

Rizzoni

. A comparative analysis of energy management strategies for hybrid electric vehicles. J Dyn Syst Meas Control 2011; 133: 31012.

24.

Kennedy

. The particle swarm: social adaptation of knowledge. In: Proceedings of 1997 IEEE international conference on evolutionary computation (ICEC ‘97), Indianapolis, IN, 13–16 April 1997, pp.303–308. New York: IEEE.

25.

Coello

CAC

Pulido

Lechuga

. Handling multiple objectives with particle swarm optimization. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 2004; 8: 256–279.

26.

Fathy

Reyer

Papalambros

, et al. On the coupling between the plant and controller optimization problems. In: Proceedings of the 2001 American control conference. (Cat. No.01CH37148), Arlington, VA, 25–27 June 2001, pp.1864–1869. New York: IEEE.