This paper presents a study of cross-sectional parameters and optimal drag reduction performance specifically for drag reduction in rotating microgroove applications. Rotating triangular microgrooves with nine asymmetrical and symmetrical cross-sections were numerically studied. In addition, a representative symmetrical rotating microgroove was experimentally tested. Positive asymmetrical microgrooves (including symmetrical microgrooves) were found to be sensitive to rotating Reynolds numbers and produced more significant drag reduction. Compared with a dimensioned asymmetry variable and other dimensionless parameters, the dimensionless asymmetry variable i+ could be used to describe drag reduction performance, which captured both the influence of microgroove cross-sectional asymmetry and turbulence intensity. A maximum drag reduction of up to 8.9% was obtained at 9.2 i+. With the exception of the torque, the velocity shift obtained from dimensionless velocity profiles could also be used to predict drag reduction performance, which has the potential for wider and more comprehensive application for any drag reduction technology.
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