This study explores the relevance and limitations of conducting ballistic tests in outdoor shooting ranges without specialized laboratory equipment. While these methods lack the precision and control of fully equipped laboratories, they provide a cost-effective and practical alternative for evaluating material and armor performance in resource-limited contexts. Tests were carried out using 7.62 × 51 mm and 9 × 19 mm ammunition at velocities of 832 and 350 ms1, respectively. Depth of Penetration (DOP) measurements were obtained directly from the deformed metallic backing plate, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was employed to examine post-impact ceramic fragments. Results showed that higher areal density targets (65.41 kg·m2) offered greater resistance to 7.62 × 51 mm ammunition, while lower-density targets (53.15 kg·m2) were fully penetrated. Against 9 × 19 mm ammunition, targets with 64.85 and 65.41 kg·m2 densities effectively minimized deformation of the backing plate. Enhanced areal density improved ballistic efficiency, with certain targets meeting NIJ-0101.06 standards, indicating their potential for use in personal armor systems.
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