Effects of multiple fuel injection schedules and LPG energy share on combustion stability and output characteristics of dual-fuel HCCI engine

Abstract

Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine is a prominent solution to satisfy the stringent NOx emission norms. The current study investigates the influence of fuel injection strategies and LPG energy share on dual fuel powered HCCI engine at 1.8 bar and 3.6 bar BMEP at constant speed (2700 rpm) and injection pressure (50 MPa). Over the study D + LPO used as primary fuel and LPG as secondary fuel. The fuel injection strategies alike single, double, as well multi-pulse modes are studied at injection timings of 90^obTDC aimed at single-pulse, 120°& 90°bTDC for double-pulse, 120°, 90°, & 30°bTDC for multi-pulse modes. All single, double, and multi-pulse injection modes at 0% LPG energy share obtains greater combustion rate and advanced combustion phasing. Further increase in LPG energy share, the rate of combustion is lessened and retarded toward TDC, consequently it enhanced the performance and emission characteristics of an HCCI engine. The optimum LPG energy share for single-pulse, double-pulse, and multi-pulse injections modes are 46.80%, 63.25%, and 78.06% respectively for 1.8 bar BMEP. For 3.6 bar BMEP optimum LPG energy shares are found to be 41.79%, 58.55%, and 71.76% for single, double, and multi-pulse injection respectively.

Keywords

HCCI engine dual fuel LPG LPO combustion stability performance emission

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Djermouni

Ouadha

Comparative assessment of LNG and LPG in HCCI engines. Energy Proc 2017; 139: 254–259.

Juttu

Thipse

Marathe

, et al. Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI): a new concept for near zero NOx and particulate matter (PM) from diesel engine combustion. SAE technical paper 2007-26-020, 2007.

Wang

Sun

Guo

, et al. Effects of EGR and combustion phasing on the combustion and emission characteristic of direct-injection CI engine fueled with n-butanol/diesel blends. Energy Proc 2019; 160: 364–371.

Zheng

Han

Asad

, et al. Investigation of butanol-fuelled HCCI combustion on a high efficiency diesel engine. Energy Convers Manag 2015; 98: 215–224.

Solmaz

A comparative study on the usage of fusel oil and reference fuels in an HCCI engine at different compression ratios. Fuel 2020; 273: 117775.

Fathi

Jahanian

Ganji

, et al. Stand-alone single- and multi-zone modeling of direct injection homogeneous charge compression ignition (DI-HCCI) combustion engines. Appl Therm Eng 2017; 125: 1181–1190.

Ebrahimi

Aliramezani

Koch

CR.

An HCCI control oriented model that includes combustion efficiency. IFAC-PapersOnLine 2016; 49(11): 327–332.

Shi

Deng

Cui

, et al. Study on knocking combustion in a diesel HCCI engine with fuel injection in negative valve overlap. Fuel 2013; 106: 478–483.

Saiteja

Ashok

A critical insight review on homogeneous charge compression ignition engine characteristics powered by biofuels. Fuel 2021; 285: 119202.

10.

Gray

Ryan

TW.

Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) of diesel fuel. SAE Trans 1997; V106-3: 1927–1935.

11.

Xie

Chen

, et al. Investigation on gasoline homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion implemented by residual gas trapping combined with intake preheating through waste heat recovery. Energy Convers Manag 2014; 86: 8–19.

12.

Fathi

Saray

Checkel

MD.

The influence of Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) on combustion and emissions of n-heptane/natural gas fueled Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engines. Appl Energy 2011; 88(12): 4719–4724.

13.

Wick

Bedei

Gordon

, et al. In-cycle control for stabilization of homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion using direct water injection. Appl Energy 2019; 240: 1061–1074.

14.

Telli

Zulian

Lanzanova

, et al. An experimental study of performance, combustion and emissions characteristics of an ethanol HCCI engine using water injection. Appl Therm Eng 2022; 204: 118003.

15.

Dhamodaran

Esakkimuthu

Pochareddy

YK.

Experimental study on performance, combustion, and emission behaviour of diisopropyl ether blends in MPFI SI engine. Fuel 2016; 173: 37–44.

16.

Bessonette

Schleyer

Duffy

, et al. Effects of fuel property changes on heavy-duty HCCI combustion. SAE Trans 2007; V116-3: 242–254.

17.

Hou

, et al. Experimental study on the auto-ignition and combustion characteristics in the homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion operation with ethanol/n-heptane blend fuels by port injection. Fuel 2006; 85(17-18): 2622–2631.

18.

Polat

An experimental study on combustion, engine performance and exhaust emissions in a HCCI engine fuelled with diethyl ether–ethanol fuel blends. Fuel Process Technol 2016; 143: 140–150.

19.

Hairuddin

Yusaf

Wandel

AP.

A review of hydrogen and natural gas addition in diesel HCCI engines. Renew Sustain Energ Rev 2014; 32: 739–761.

20.

Wang

Liu

Huang

, et al. Study on combustion and emission of a dimethyl ether-diesel dual-fuel premixed charge compression ignition combustion engine with LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) as ignition inhibitor. Energy 2016; 96: 278–285.

21.

Liu

Yao

Zhang

, et al. Influence of fuel and operating conditions on combustion characteristics of a homogeneous charge compression ignition engine. Energy Fuels 2009; 23(3): 1422–1430.

22.

Kannan

Mahalingam

Srinath

, et al. An experimental study in HCCI combustion of LPG in diesel engine. Mater Today Proc 2021; 37: 3625–3629.

23.

Jang

Bae

. The effect of LPG composition on combustion and performance in a DME-LPG dual-fuel HCCI engine. SAE technical paper 2010-01-0336, 2010.

24.

Chandra

Tomar

. Potential use of LPG in a medium capacity stationary HCCI engine. SAE technical paper 5. 2015.

25.

Diaz

Prasad

BD.

An investigation of compressed natural gas engine for nitrogen oxides reduction. Am J Applied Sci 2012; 9(7): 1030.

26.

Yeom

Jang

Bae

Homogeneous charge compression ignition of LPG and gasoline using variable valve timing in an engine. Fuel 2007; 86(4): 494–503.

27.

Ashok

Thundil Karuppa Raj

Nanthagopal

, et al. Lemon peel oil – A novel renewable alternative energy source for diesel engine. Energy Convers Manag 2017; 139: 110–121.

28.

Sathishkumar

Ibrahim

MM.

Comparison of the hydrogen powered homogeneous charge compression ignition mode with multiple injection schedules and the dual fuel mode using a twin-cylinder engine. Int J Hydrogen Energy 2021; 46(1): 1315–1329.

29.

Zheng

Kumar

Implementation of multiple-pulse injection strategies to enhance the homogeneity for simultaneous low-NOx and-soot diesel combustion. Int J Therm Sci 2009; 48(9): 1829–1841.

30.

Nathan

Mallikarjuna

Ramesh

An experimental study using single and multiple injection strategies in a diesel fuelled HCCI engine with a common rail system. SAE technical paper 2009-26-0028, 2009.

31.

Bhurat

Pandey

Chintala

, et al. Technical barriers and their solutions for deployment of HCCI engine technologies – a review. Int J Ambient Energy 2021; 42(16): 1922–1935.

32.

Ashok

Jeevanantham

Bhat Hire

, et al. Calibration of idling characteristics for lemon peel oil using central composite design in light commercial vehicle diesel engine. Energy Convers Manag 2020; 221: 113183.

33.

Zhou

Zhang

, et al. Effect of hydrogen peroxide additive on the combustion and emission characteristics of an n-butanol homogeneous charge compression ignition engine. Energy 2019; 169: 572–579.

34.

Singh

Ansari

Sharma

, et al. Exhaust gas recirculation effect on the performance of a CRDI diesel engine fuelled with linseed biodiesel/diesel blend through response surface methodology. Proc IMechE, Part C: J Mechanical Engineering Science 2021; 09544062211026348.

35.

Patil

RS.

Experimental investigations to predict optimistic biodiesel(s) and its optimistic operating conditions by varying ignition delay period and fuel spray pressures for lower emissions and better performance. Proc IMechE, Part C: J Mechanical Engineering Science 2020; 234(19): 3890–3902.

Supplementary Material

Please find the following supplemental material available below.

For Open Access articles published under a Creative Commons License, all supplemental material carries the same license as the article it is associated with.

For non-Open Access articles published, all supplemental material carries a non-exclusive license, and permission requests for re-use of supplemental material or any part of supplemental material shall be sent directly to the copyright owner as specified in the copyright notice associated with the article.

0.00 MB

0.42 MB