Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

The process of designing autonomous underwater vehicles comprises several steps, including the designing of the body shape. The hydrodynamic designing of the body shape is a major step in designing the body of an underwater vehicle. The effective parameters in the hydrodynamic design of body shape include the lengths of nose and tail, nose and tail profiles, and also the dimensions of the blunt sections in front of the nose and behind the tail. In the present study, the design of experiments method has been employed to investigate the effect of each of the above parameters on the drag coefficient of an autonomous underwater vehicle body. For this purpose, in addition to introducing the body classes of the Hydrolab family of underwater vehicles, the numerical simulation results of fluid flow over the body of a Hydrolab500 AUV have been used for the design of experiments. In the first step, an experiment has been performed in water tunnel on a test model in order to validate the pressure profile for the body of Hydrolab500. The comparison between the empirical and numerical results related to Hydrolab500 body confirms the validity of the numerical approach used in this paper. The results of the present work show that the drag coefficient of an autonomous submersible in the final design can be accurately estimated with the help of the presented method.

Keywords

Autonomous underwater vehicle hydrodynamic drag coefficient Myring design of experiment

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Alam

Tapabrata

Sreenatha

. A brief taxonomy of autonomous underwater vehicle design literature. Ocean Eng 2014; 88: 627–630.

Sahu BK and Bidyadhar S. The state of art of autonomous underwater vehicles in current and future decades. In: First international conference on automation, control, energy and systems (ACES), Hooghly, West Bengal, India, 1–2 February 2014.

Nouri

Zeinali

Jahangardy

. AUV hull shape design based on desired pressure distribution. J Marine Sci Technol 2015; 21: 203–215. .

Taylor DW. Calculations for ships' forms and the light thrown by model experiments upon resistance, propulsion, and rolling of ships. In: Transactions of the international engineering congress, San Francisco, California, 20–25 September 1915.

Lyon

. The effect of turbulence on the drag of airship models, Aeronautical Research Committee (Great Britain) R & MI 1511, 1932.

Gertler M and Landweber L. Mathematical formulation of bodies of revolution. DTMB Report 719, 1950.

Gertler M. Resistance experiments on a systematic series of streamlined bodies revolution for application to the design of high speed submarines. DTMB Report 297, 1950.

Carmicheal BH. Underwater vehicle drag reduction through choice of shape. In: AIAA second propulsion joint specialist conference, Colorado Springs, CO, USA, 1966.

Granville PS. Geometrical characteristics of streamlined shapes. DDC Report 2962, 1969.

10.

Parsones JS and Goodson R. Shaping of axisymmetric bodies for minimum drag in incompressible flow. Purdue University Report 4, 1972.

11.

Myring

. A theoretical study of the effects of body shape and Mach number on the drag of bodies of revolution in subcritical axisymmetric flow, Procurement Executive, Ministry of Defenoe Farnboroug HeMnte, 1972.

12.

Packwood

Huggins

. After body shaping and transition prediction for a laminar flow underwater vehicle. Ocean Eng 1994; 21: 445–459.

13.

Sarkar

Sayer

Fraser

. Flow simulation past axisymmetric bodies using four different turbulence models. J Appl Math Model 1997; 21: 783–792.

14.

Lutz

. Drag reduction and shape optimization of airship bodies, Institute for Aerodynamics and Gas Dynamics, University of Stuttgart, Germany, Vol. 35, 1997, pp. 345–351.

15.

Lutz Th and Wagner S. Numerical shape optimization of natural laminar flow bodies. In: Proceedings of the 21st Congress of International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences, Melbourne, Australia, 13–18 September 1998.

16.

Yamaguchi S. A study on shape optimization for an underwater vehicle. In: ISOPE Pacific/Asia offshore mechanics symposium, Daejeon, Korea, 2002, pp.17–20.

17.

Wang

. Application of concurrent subspace design to shape design of AUV, IEEE Computer Society, College of Marine, China, Vol. 3, 2007, pp. 1068–1071.

18.

Martz MA. Preliminary design of an autonomous underwater vehicle using a multiple-objective genetic optimizer. MSc Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA, 2008.

19.

Haitao G. Surrogate models for shape optimization of underwater glider. In: International conference on computer modeling and simulation, Macau, China, 2009, pp.3–6.

20.

Xia D, Liu J and Chen W. Shape selection on the flow drag characteristic passing a streamline fishlike body. In: 3rd international conference on bioinformatics and biomedical engineering, Beijing, China, 11–13 June 2009.

21.

Hussain

. Design of an underwater glider platform for shallow-water applications. Int J Intell Defen Supp Syst 2010; 3: 186–120. .

22.

Suman

. Hydrodynamic performance evaluation of an ellipsoidal nose for a high speed underwater vehicle. Jordan J Mech Ind Eng 2010; 4: 641–652.

23.

Alam

. Design of a toy submarine using underwater vehicle design optimization framework, University of New South Wales, Australia, 2011, pp. 23–29.

24.

Leifsson L and Slawomir K. Hydrodynamic shape optimization of axisymmetric bodies using multi-fidelity modeling. In: Simulation and modeling methodologies, technologies and applications. Switzerland: Springer Nature, 2013, pp.209–223.

25.

Shereena

. CFD study of drag reduction of axisymmetric underwater vehicle using air jet. Eng Appl Comput Fluid Mech 2013; 7: 193–209.

26.

Huang TT. Stern boundary layer flow on axisymmetric bodies. In: Twelfth symposium on naval hydrodynamics, Washington, USA, 1978, pp.125–167.

27.

Shih

T-H

. A new k-epsilon eddy viscosity model for high Reynolds number turbulent flows. Comput Fluids 1995; 24: 227–238.

28.

Launder

Spalding

. The numerical computation of turbulent flows. Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 1974; 3: 269–289.

29.

Antony

. Design of experiments for engineers and scientists, New York: Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2003.

30.

Korhonen K, Mirja P and Korhonen O. Evaluation of a novel spraying method for preparing Eudragit-polymer-drug thin matrix films by design of experiment. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2016; 35: 241–251.

Supplementary Material

Please find the following supplemental material available below.

For Open Access articles published under a Creative Commons License, all supplemental material carries the same license as the article it is associated with.

For non-Open Access articles published, all supplemental material carries a non-exclusive license, and permission requests for re-use of supplemental material or any part of supplemental material shall be sent directly to the copyright owner as specified in the copyright notice associated with the article.

0.00 MB

0.99 MB