Poly (ethylene oxide) based sodium ion conducting solid polymer electrolytes films (salt NaCH3COO) with varying amounts of an ionic liquid, 1-ethyl 3-methylimidazolium thiocyante were prepared by solution-cast method. All the prepared samples were characterized in detail for their ion transport characteristics at room temperature and temperature dependent behavior as well using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The measurement of ionic conductivity shows the many fold enhancement due the incorporation of ionic liquid in the polymer electrolyte matrix. The charge carrier density and mobility of charge carriers has been calculated and used for explaining the conductivity variations in these films. The increase in conductivity has been explained in terms of plasticization effect of ionic liquid and number of charge carriers per unit volume of electrolyte.
WrightPV. Electrical conductivity in ionic complexes of poly(ethylene oxide). Br Polym J1975; 7: 319–327.
2.
ChandraS. Superionic solids- principles and applications. Amsterdam: North Holland, 1981.
3.
AzizSBWooTJKadirMFZ, et al.A conceptual review on polymer electrolytes and ion transport models. J Sci Adv Mater Devices2018; 3: 1–17.
4.
TeoLPBuraidahMHArofAK. Polyacrylonitrile-based gel polymer electrolytes for dye-sensitized solar cells: a review. Ionics2020; 26: 4215–4238.
5.
SinghPKNagaraleRKPandeySP, et al.Present status of solid state photoelectrochemical solar cells and dye sensitized solar cells using PEO-based polymer electrolytes. Adv Nat Sci Nanosci Nanotechnol2011; 2: 023002–023015.
6.
AgarwalRCPandeyGN. Solid polymer electrolytes: materials designing and all-solid-state battery applications: an overview. J Phys D Appl Phys2008; 41: 223001–223017.
7.
AryaASharmaAL. Insights into the use of polyethylene oxide in energy storage/conversion devices: a critical review. J Phys D Appl Phys2017; 50: 3002.
8.
BaileyFEKoleskeJV. Poly (ethylene oxide). New York, NY: Academic Press, 1976.
9.
GrayFM. Polymer electrolytes. Cambridge: Royal society of chemistry, 1997, pp. 175.
10.
KumarSPRayRAsokanK, et al.Investigation of ionic conduction in PEO–PVDF based blend polymer electrolytes. J Appl Phys2018; 123: 125102.
11.
KumarSPRayRKarmakarS, et al.Nanofiller-induced ionic conductivity enhancement and relaxation property analysis of the blend polymer electrolyte using non-debye electric field relaxation function. J Phys Chem C2019; 123: 5188–5197.
12.
PandeyGPHashmiSAAgrawalR C. Hot-press synthesized polyethylene oxide based proton conducting nanocomposite polymer electrolyte dispersed with SiO2 nanoparticles. Solid State Ion2008; 179: 534–549.
13.
KumarMSekhonSS. Role of plasticizer’s dielectric constant on conductivity modification of PEO-NH4F polymer electrolytes. Eur Polym J2002; 38: 1297–1304.
14.
QianXGuNChengZ, et al.Plasticizer effect on the ionic conductivity of PEO-based polymer electrolyte. Mater Chem Phys2002; 74: 98–103.
15.
UekiTWatanabeM. Macromolecules in ionic liquids: progress, challenges, and opportunities. Macromolecules2008; 41: 3739–3749.
SimLNMajidSRArofAK. Effects of 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate ionic liquid in poly(ethyl methacrylate)/poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) blend based polymer electrolyte system. Electrochimi Acta2014; 123: 190–197.
18.
YusufSNFYahyaRArofAK. Ionic liquid enhancement of polymer electrolyte conductivity and their effects on the performance of electrochemical devices. In: ScottH (ed) Progress and Developments in Ionic Liquids. London: Intech Open; 2017, pp. 157–183.
19.
AppetecchiGBMontaninoMPasseriniS. Ionic liquid-based electrolytes for high energy, safer lithium batteries. In: VisserAEBridgesNJRogersRD (eds) Ionic liquid: Science and Applications. American Chemical Society; 2012; 1117, pp. 67–128.
20.
ChaurasiaSKSarojALShalu, et al.Studies on structural, thermal and AC conductivity scaling of PEO-LiPF6 polymer electrolyte with added ionic liquid [BMIMPF6]. AIP Adv2015; 5: 077178.
21.
SinghVKShaluSChaurasiaSK, et al.Development of ionic liquid mediated novel polymer electrolyte membranes for application in Na-ion batteries. RSC Adv2016; 6: 40199–40210.
22.
SekhonSSKrishnanPSinghB, et al.Proton conducting membrane containing room temperature ionic liquid. Electrochimi Acta2006; 52: 1639–1644.
23.
SekhonSSLaliaBSParkJ-S, et al.Physicochemical properties of proton conducting membranes based on ionic liquid impregnated polymer for fuel cells. J Mater Chem2006; 16: 2256–2265.
24.
SinghPKKimK-WRheeH-W. Electrical, optical and photoelectrochemical studies on a solid PEO-polymer electrolyte doped with low viscosity ionic liquid. Electrochem Commun2008; 10: 1769–1772.
BhattacharyaBNagaraleRKSinghPK. Effect of sodium-mixed anion doping in peo-based polymer electrolytes. High Perform Polym2010; 22: 498–512.
28.
VittadelloMWaxmanDISiderisPJ, et al.Iodide-conducting polymer electrolytes based on poly-ethylene glycol and MgI2: synthesis and structural characterization. Electrochimi Acta2011; 57: 112–122.
29.
WangYSunCNFanF, et al.Examination of methods to determine free-ion diffusivity and number density from analysis of electrode polarization. Phys Rev. E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys2013; 87: 042308.
30.
SchüttHJGerdesE. Space-charge relaxation in ionicly conducting glasses. II. Free carrier concentration and mobility. J Non-cryst Solids1992; 144: 14–20.
31.
AzizSBKarimWOBrzaMA, et al.Ion transport study in CS: POZ based polymer membrane electrolytes using trukhan model. Int J Mol Sci2019; 20: 5265.
32.
AzizSBMarifRBBrzaMA, et al.Employing of trukhan model to estimate ion transport parameters in PVA based solid polymer electrolyte. Polymers2019; 11: 1694.
33.
BhattacharyaBLeeJYGengJ, et al.Effect of cation size on solid polymer electrolyte based dye-sensitized solar cells. Langmuir2009; 25: 3276–3281.
34.
BuraidahMHTeoLPMajidSR, et al.Ionic conductivity by correlated barrier hopping in NH4I doped chitosan solid electrolyte. Physica B Condens Matter2009; 404: 1373–1379.
35.
SrivastavaNKumarM. Ion dynamics behavior in solid polymer electrolyte. Solid State Ion2014; 262: 806–810.
36.
WatanabeMYamadaS-IOgataN. Ionic conductivity of polymer electrolytes containing room temperature molten salts based on pyridinium halide and aluminium chloride. Electrochim Acta1995; 40: 2285–2288.
37.
AzizSBAbdullahOGRasheedMA. Structural and electrical characteristics of PVA:NaTf based solid polymer electrolytes: role of lattice energy of salts on electrical DC conductivity. J Mater Sci Mater Electron2017; 28: 12873–12884.
38.
AzizSBAbdullahRM. Crystalline and amorphous phase identification from the tanδ relaxation peaks and impedance plots in polymer blend electrolytes based on [CS:AgNt]x:PEO(x-1) (10 ≤ x ≤ 50). Electrochim Acta2018; 285: 30–46.
