Insights into biochemical,hematological,and coagulation parameters and their association with COVID-19 severity within four patients cohort from Bosnia and Herzegovina

Abstract

Introduction

COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has resulted in a global public health crisis with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic infections to severe pneumonia. This study explores the association between various biomarkers and COVID-19 progression, aiming to identify early indicators of disease severity and enhance patient management.

Materials and Methods

The study included 750 confirmed COVID-19 patients categorized into four groups based on disease severity. Patients were recruited at the General Hospital in Tešanj, Bosnia and Herzegovina. All biochemical, hematological and coagulation parameters were analyzed using standard IFCC protocols.

Results

The study identified significant differences in biochemical, hematological, and coagulation biomarkers across varying COVID-19 severities. Key markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, lymphocyte count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and platelet count were analyzed. Elevated CRP and D-dimer were strongly linked to severe cases, while decreased lymphocyte count, elevated ESR, and platelet abnormalities were also associated with increased disease severity.

Conclusions

Our study highlights the vital role of specific biochemical, hematological and coagulation parameters in predicting COVID-19 severity. Integrating these findings into clinical practice could enhance timely risk stratification, early intervention, and improved outcomes for affected individuals.