This research aimed to explore the effects of varying porosities and pore sizes in porous titanium on osteointegration following mandibular defect reconstruction in goats. Porous titanium products were fabricated using spark plasma sintering technology combined with powder metallurgy techniques. Based on experimental requirements, standard porous titanium samples were categorized into three groups: Group A with 50%–70% porosity and 100–300 μm pore size; Group B with 70%–85% porosity and 300–500 μm pore size; and Group C with no porosity. These samples were implanted into the mandibular defects of goats, which were euthanized three months after implantation for analysis. The assessment of osteointegration involved general observations, X-ray, micro-CT, biomechanical testing, and histological examinations. Results indicated that Group B's porous titanium exhibited superior osteointegration, making it the most suitable material for enhancing cellular and tissue growth.
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