Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

Objectives

This study evaluated the efficacy of a multidomain brain health intervention on health behavior change and sought to understand whether health literacy or brain health knowledge predicted engagement with the intervention.

Methods

One-hundred thirty midlife and older adults were assigned to one of three intervention conditions: brain fitness (B-Fit) utilizing education and goal setting, education-only, or waitlist. Questionnaires were completed at baseline and post-intervention.

Results

Both B-Fit and education-only conditions reported improvements in health behaviors over time. Although effect size for the education-only condition was moderate, only the B-Fit condition differed significantly in health behaviors from the waitlist post-intervention. Lower baseline brain health knowledge predicted improvements in health behaviors for education-only condition.

Discussion

The multidomain brain health intervention was successful in helping participants change their behaviors, but it was not more effective than the education-only condition. For those with lower brain health knowledge, an education-only intervention may be sufficient to encourage behavior change.

Keywords

brain health dementia risk factors health literacy prevention

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Andrieu

Guyonnet

Coley

Cantet

Bonnefoy

Bordes

Bories

Cufi

M.-N.

Dantoine

Dartigues

J.-F.

Desclaux

Gabelle

Gasnier

Pesce

Sudres

Touchon

Robert

Rouaud

Legrand

Olivier-Abbal

(2017). Effect of long-term omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation with or without multidomain intervention on cognitive function in elderly adults with memory complaints (MAPT): A randomised, placebo-controlled trial. The Lancet Neurology, 16(5), 377-389. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(17)30040-6

Arlinghaus

K. R.

Johnston

C. A.

(2018). Advocating for behavior change with education. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, 12(2), 113-116. https://doi.org/10.1177/1559827617745479

Barnes

D. E.

Yaffe

(2011). The projected effect of risk factor reduction on Alzheimer’s disease prevalence. The Lancet Neurology, 10(9), 819-828. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(11)70072-2

Berkman

N. D.

Sheridan

S. L.

Donahue

K. E.

Halpern

D. J.

Viera

Crotty

Holland

Brasure

Lohr

K. N.

Harden

Tant

Wallace

Viswanathan

(2011). Health literacy interventions and outcomes: An updated systematic review. Evidence report/technology assessment, 199(1), 1-941.

Blondell

S. J.

Hammersley-Mather

Veerman

J. L.

(2014). Does physical activity prevent cognitive decline and dementia? A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. BMC Public Health, 14(1), 510. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-510

Brandt

Spencer

Folstein

(1988). The telephone interview for cognitive status. Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychology Behavioral Neurology, 1(2), 111-117.

Castro

D. M.

Dillon

Machnicki

Allegri

R. F.

(2010). The economic cost of Alzheimer's disease: Family or public-health burden? Dementia & Neuropsychologia, 4(4), 262-267. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-57642010DN40400003

Clare

Nelis

S. M.

Jones

I. R.

Hindle

J. V.

Thom

J. M.

Nixon

J. A.

Cooney

Jones

C. L.

Tudor Edwards

Whitaker

C. J.

(2015). The Agewell trial: A pilot randomised controlled trial of a behaviour change intervention to promote healthy ageing and reduce risk of dementia in later life. BMC Psychiatry, 15(1), 25. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-015-0402-4

Cramer

Lauche

Moebus

Michalsen

Langhorst

Dobos

Paul

(2014). Predictors of health behavior change after an integrative medicine inpatient program. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 21(5), 775-783. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-013-9354-6

10.

Dominick

G. M.

Dunsiger

S. I.

PekmeziLarsen

D. W. B.

Larsen

Marquez

Nodora

Gans

K. M.

Marcus

B. H.

(2015). Moderating effects of health literacy on change in physical activity among Latinas in a randomized trial. Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities, 2(3), 351-357. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-014-0080-9

11.

Edmunds

Ntoumanis

Duda

J. L.

(2008). Testing a self-determination theory-based teaching style intervention in the exercise domain. European Journal of Social Psychology, 38(2), 375-388. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.463

12.

Farias

S. T.

Gravano

Weakley

Schmitter-Edgecombe

Harvey

Mungas

Chan

Giovannetti

(2020). The Everyday Compensation (EComp) Questionnaire: Construct validity and associations with diagnosis and longitudinal change in cognition and everyday function in older adults. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 26(3), 303-313. https://doi.org/10.1017/S135561771900119X

13.

Ferreira

Owen

Mohan

Corbett

Ballard

(2015). Associations between cognitively stimulating leisure activities, cognitive function and age-related cognitive decline. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 30(4), 422-430

14.

Friis

Vind

B. D.

Simmons

R. K.

Maindal

H. T.

(2016). The relationship between health literacy and health behaviour in people with diabetes: A Danish population-based study. Journal of Diabetes Research, 2016, 7823130. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/7823130

15.

Gans

K. M.

Risica

P. M.

Strolla

L. O.

Fournier

Kirtania

Upegui

Zhao

George

Acharyya

(2009). Effectiveness of different methods for delivering tailored nutrition education to low income, ethnically diverse adults. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 6(1), 24. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-6-24

16.

Gillette‐Guyonnet

Secher

Vellas

(2013). Nutrition and neurodegeneration: Epidemiological evidence and challenges for future research. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 75(3), 738-755. https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.12058

17.

Hansen

H. R.

Shneyderman

Belcastro

P. A.

(2015). Investigating the association of health literacy with health knowledge and health behavior outcomes in a sample of urban community college undergraduates. American Journal of Health Education, 46(5), 274-282. https://doi.org/10.1080/19325037.2015.1055016

18.

Hartmann

Dohle

Siegrist

(2015). A self-determination theory approach to adults’ healthy body weight motivation: A longitudinal study focussing on food choices and recreational physical activity. Psychology & Health, 30(8), 924-948. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2015.1006223

19.

Huang

C. L.

Yang

S.-C.

Chiang

C.-H.

(2020). The associations between individual factors, eHealth literacy, and health behaviors among college students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(6), 2108. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17062108

20.

Kivipelto

(2009). Lifestyle related factors in stroke and dementia. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 283(1), 242-243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2009.02.018

21.

Livingston

Huntley

Sommerlad

Ames

Ballard

BanerjeeBrayne

S. C.

Brayne

Burns

Cohen-Mansfield

Cooper

Costafreda

S. G.

Dias

Fox

Gitlin

L. N.

Howard

Kales

H. C.

Kivimäki

Larson

E. B.

Ogunniyi

… Mukadam

(2020). Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2020 report of the Lancet Commission. Lancet, 396(10248), 413-446. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30367-6

22.

Lustria

M. L. A.

Noar

S. M.

Cortese

Van Stee

S. K.

Glueckauf

R. L.

Lee

(2013). A meta-analysis of web-delivered tailored health behavior change interventions. Journal of Health Communication, 18(9), 1039-1069. https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2013.7 68727

23.

Miller

T. A.

(2016). Health literacy and adherence to medical treatment in chronic and acute illness: A meta-analysis. Patient Education and Counseling, 99(7), 1079-1086. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2016.01.020

24.

Mravec

Horvathova

Padova

(2018). Brain under stress and Alzheimer’s disease. Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, 38(1), 73-84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-017-0521-1

25.

Oliveira

Bosco

di Lorito

(2019). Is poor health literacy a risk factor for dementia in older adults? Systematic literature review of prospective cohort studies. Maturitas, 124, 8-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2019.03.010

26.

Park

Eckert

T. L.

Zaso

M. J.

Scott-Sheldon

L. A. J.

Vanable

P. A.

Carey

K. B.

Ewart

C. K.

Carey

M. P.

(2017). Associations between health literacy and health behaviors among urban high school students. Journal of School Health, 87(12), 885-893. https://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12567

27.

Park

C. S.

Troutman-Jordan

Nies

M. A.

(2012). Brain health knowledge in community-dwelling older adults. Educational Gerontology, 38(9), 650-657. https://doi.org/10.1080/03601277.2012.686838

28.

Penninkilampi

Casey

A.-N.

Singh

M. F.

Brodaty

(2018). The association between social engagement, loneliness, and risk of dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, 66(4), 1619-1633. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-180439

29.

Purdie

McCrindle

(2002). Self-regulation, self-efficacy and health behavior change in older adults. Educational Gerontology, 28(5), 379-400. https://doi.org/10.1080/03601270290081353

30.

Rosenberg

Ngandu

Rusanen

AntikainenBäckman

R. L.

Bäckman

Havulinna

Hänninen

Laatikainen

Lehtisalo

Levälahti

Lindström

Paajanen

Peltonen

Soininen

Stigsdotter-Neely

Strandberg

Tuomilehto

Solomon

Kivipelto

(2018). Multidomain lifestyle intervention benefits a large elderly population at risk for cognitive decline and dementia regardless of baseline characteristics: The FINGER trial. Alzheimer’s & Dementia, 14(3), 263-270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2017.09.006.

31.

Rothman

R. L.

DeWalt

D. A.

Malone

Bryant

Shintani

Crigler

Weinberger

Pignone

(2004). Influence of patient literacy on the effectiveness of a primary care-based diabetes disease management program. The Journal of the American Medical, 292(14), 1711-1716. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.292.14.1711

32.

Schmitter-Edgecombe

Lamb

McAlister

Robertson

(2019). Development and psychometric properties of the healthy aging activity engagement scale (HAAE). Aging & Mental Health, 23(3), 357-364. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2017.1414147

33.

Schultz

S. A.

Larson

Koscik

Dowling

M. N.

Gallagher

C. L.

Carlsson

C. M.

Rowley

H. A.

Bendlin

B. B.

Asthana

Hermann

B. P.

Johnson

S. C.

Sager

LaRue

Okonkwo

O. C.

(2015). Participation in cognitively-stimulating activities is associated with brain structure and cognitive function in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease. Brain Imaging and Behavior, 9(4), 729-736. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-014-9329-5

34.

Weiss

B. D.

Mays

M. Z.

Martz

Castro

K. M.

DeWalt

D. A.

Pignone

M. P.

Mockbee

Hale

F. A.

(2005). Quick assessment of literacy in primary care: The newest vital sign. The Annals of Family Medicine, 3(6), 514-522. https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.405

35.

Whitmer

R. A.

Sidney

Selby

Johnston

S. C.

Yaffe

(2005). Midlife cardiovascular risk factors and risk of dementia in late life. Neurology, 64(2), 277-281. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.WNL.0000149519.47454.F2

36.

Tan

C.-C.

Zou

J.-J.

Cao

X.-P.

Tan

(2020). Sleep problems and risk of all-cause cognitive decline or dementia: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 91(3), 236-244. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2019-321896

Self-Reported Behavior Change and Predictors of Engagement With a Multidomain Brain Health Intervention for Midlife and Older Adults: A Pilot Clinical Trial

Abstract

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Keywords

Get full access to this article

References