Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

Background: Impaired attentive and cognitive functions were discovered to be increased threefold after a stroke attack. One holistic intervention proposed to overcome mental impacts is a combination of Natural Restorative Environment (NRE) and traditional music. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Rindik Bali-based NRE on the cognitive and attentive function among post-stroke patients. Method: This was a quantitative study employing a quasi-experiment-pre- and-post with a control group design. A non-probability sampling with consecutive sampling technique was used to pick 46 post-stroke eligible participants and used instruments Trail Making Test (TMT A/B) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Participants were assigned to two groups, the experimental and control groups, with 23 participants each. Rindik Bali-based NRE was given twice a day for 3 consecutive days. Result: The Rindik Bali-based NRE intervention significantly improved the attentive function in the experimental group, and there was no significant change in the control group. Discussion: The holistic recovery concept that incorporates cultural studies and local beliefs may potentially be an effective method to provide sufficient stimulation in post-stroke rehabilitation. This study confirmed its effect on emotional management and nervous system stimulation.

Keywords

stroke attention cognitive NRE rindik

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Adams

A. G.

Schweitzer

Molenberghs

Henry

J. D.

(2019). A meta-analytic review of social cognitive function following stroke. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 102(July), 400–416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.03.011

Altenmüller

James

C. E.

(2020). The impact of music interventions on motor rehabilitation following stroke in elderly. In L. L. Cuddy, S. Belleville, & A. Moussard (Eds.), Music and the aging brain (pp. 407–432). Elsevier Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-817422-7.00016-X

Bereziuk

S. V.

Khrebtov

M. I.

(2020). Value orientations in musical folklore peculiar for the indigenous minorities of Krasnoyarsk Krai: Research overview. Journal of Siberian Federal University - Humanities and Social Sciences, 13(5), 728–737. https://doi.org/10.17516/1997-1370-0602

Biswas

(2019). Sensory aspects of retailing: Theoretical and practical implications. Journal of Retailing, 95(4), 111–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2019.12.001

Brancatisano

Baird

Thompson

W. F.

(2020). Why is music therapeutic for neurological disorders? The therapeutic music capacities model. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 112(May), 600–615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.02.008

Christian

Darmawan

I. D. M. B. A.

(2021). Rindik rod sound separation with spectral subtraction method. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1810(1), 0–8. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1810/1/012018

Davis

Lockhart

(2016). Update: Stroke guidelines. Nursing Management, 47(2), 1. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NUMA.0000480697.42505.97

de Almeida

G. M. F.

Nascimento

T. F.

da Silva

R. P. L.

Bello

M. P.

Fontes

C. M. B.

(2021). Theoretical reflections of Leininger’s cross-cultural care in the context of COVID-19. Revista Gaucha de Enfermagem, 42(special issue), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2021.20200209

de Vries

L. P.

van de Weijer

M. P.

Bartels

(2022). The human physiology of well-being: A systematic review on the association between neurotransmitters, hormones, inflammatory markers, the microbiome and well-being. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 139(June), 104733. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104733

10.

Dewi

N. L. P. T.

Arifin

M. T.

Ismail

(2020). The influence of Gayatri mantra and emotional freedom technique on quality of life of post-stroke patients. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 13, 909–916. https://doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S266580

11.

Dewi

I. A. M. C.

Gunadi

I. G. A.

Indrawan

(2022). Gamelan Rindik classification based on mood using K-nearest neigbor method. Jurnal Mantik, 6(2), 1693–1702. https://doi.org/10.35335/mantik.v6i2.2592

12.

Dewi

N. L. P. T.

Merlin

N. M.

Juanamasta

I. G.

Pusparini Pendet

N. M. D.

Intan Daryaswanti

(2025). Exploring quantum touch therapy’s efficacy in managing stress among young stroke survivors: A Quasi-Experimental Approach. Salud, Ciencia y Tecnologia, 5(38), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.56294/saludcyt20251240

13.

Ding

Xiao

Yuan

Luo

(2021). Effectiveness and safety of music-supported therapy on mood in post-stroke rehabilitation patients: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (United States), 100(12), E25077. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000025077

14.

Donoso Brown

E. V.

Nolfi

Wallace

S. E.

Eskander

Hoffman

J. M.

(2020). Home program practices for supporting and measuring adherence in post-stroke rehabilitation: A scoping review. Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation, 27(5), 377–400. https://doi.org/10.1080/10749357.2019.1707950

15.

Ejem

(2024). Challenges to implementing culturally competent mental health [Walden University]. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=16813%26context=dissertations.

16.

Folstein

M. F.

Folstein

S. E.

McHugh

P. R.

(1975). Mini-mental state. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12(3), 189–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6

17.

Gandolfi

Donisi

Battista

Picelli

Valè

Del Piccolo

Smania

(2021). Health-related quality of life and psychological features in post-stroke patients with chronic pain: A cross-sectional study in the neuro-rehabilitation context of care. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(6), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063089

18.

Ghai

(2019). Effects of (music-based) rhythmic auditory cueing training on gait and posture post-stroke: A systematic review & dose-response meta-analysis. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-38723-3

19.

Gozum

Ilgaz

(2022). Applying integrative nursing principles to practice: An example from theory to practice. Journal of Education and Research in Nursing, 19(3), 362–370. https://doi.org/10.5152/jern.2022.92342

20.

Jeffreys

M. R.

(2022). Nursing universal retention and success (NURS) model: A holistic, discipline-focused framework. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory and Practice, 24(3), 650–675. https://doi.org/10.1177/1521025120939254

21.

Komala

D. W.

Novitasari

Sugiharti

R. K.

Awaludin

(2021). Mini-mental state examination to assess cognitive function in elderly. Jurnal Keperawatan Malang, 6(2), 95–107. https://doi.org/10.36916/jkm.v6i2.137

22.

Lasmaida

S. A.

Dedi

(2024). Literature review theory transcultural nursing Madeleine Leininger. Journal of Social Research, 3(2), 668–681.

23.

Leonardi

Cacciola

De Luca

Aragona

Andronaco

Milardi

Bramanti

Calabrò

R. S.

(2018). The role of music therapy in rehabilitation: Improving aphasia and beyond. International Journal of Neuroscience, 128(1), 90–99. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207454.2017.1353981

24.

Monica

Widyaningsih

Sulaeman

E. S.

(2019). Meta-analysis on the effects of hypertension, type II diabetes mellitus, and smoking on the risk of stroke among Asian young adult population. Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 4(4), 296–306. https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2019.04.04.04

25.

J. C.

Churojana

Pongpech

L. D.

Sadikin

Mahadevan

Subramaniam

Jocson

V. E.

Lee

(2019). Current state of acute stroke care in Southeast Asian countries. Interventional Neuroradiology, 25(3), 291–296. https://doi.org/10.1177/1591019918811804

26.

Nisbet

E. K.

Zelenski

J. M.

Grandpierre

(2019). Mindfulness in nature enhances connectedness and mood. Ecopsychology, 11(2), 81–91. https://doi.org/10.1089/eco.2018.0061

27.

Nukarinen

Rantala

Korpela

Browning

M. H. E. M.

Istance

H. O.

Surakka

Raisamo

(2022). Measures and modalities in restorative virtual natural environments: An integrative narrative review. Computers in Human Behavior, 126(August 2021), 107008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2021.107008

28.

S. J.

Lee

J. H.

Kim

D. H.

(2019). The effects of functional action-observation training on gait function in patients with post-stroke hemiparesis: A randomized controlled trial. Technology and Health Care, 27(2), 159–165. https://doi.org/10.3233/THC-181388

29.

Partington

J. E.

Leiter

R. G.

(1949). Partington’s pathways test. Psychological Service Center Journal, 1, 11–20.

30.

Patel

Jafferany

(2020). Multidisciplinary and holistic models of care for patients with dermatologic disease and psychosocial comorbidity: A systematic review. JAMA Dermatology, 156(6), 686–694. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamadermatol.2020.0394

31.

Poveda-García

Moret-Tatay

Gómez-Martínez

(2021). The association between mental motor imagery and real movement in stroke. Healthcare (Switzerland), 9(11), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9111568

32.

Ratcliffe

(2021). Sound and soundscape in restorative natural environments: A narrative literature review. Frontiers in Psychology, 12(April), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.570563

33.

Saunders

D. H.

Sanderson

Hayes

Johnson

Kramer

Carter

D. D.

Jarvis

Brazzelli

Mead

G. E.

(2020). Physical fitness training for stroke patients. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2020(3), 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003316.pub7

34.

Schertz

K. E.

Berman

M. G.

(2019). Understanding nature and its cognitive benefits. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 28(5), 496–502. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721419854100

35.

Stockert

Wawrzyniak

Klingbeil

Wrede

Kümmerer

Hartwigsen

Kaller

C. P.

Weiller

Saur

(2020). Dynamics of language reorganization after left temporo-parietal and frontal stroke. Brain, 143(3), 844–861. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awaa023

36.

Stolwyk

R. J.

Mihaljcic

Wong

D. K.

Chapman

J. E.

Rogers

J. M.

(2021). Poststroke cognitive impairment negatively impacts activity and participation outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Stroke, 52(2), 748–760. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.032215

37.

Tang

Zhou

Yang

Thomas

W. K. S.

Smith

G. D.

Yang

Yuan

Chung

J. W. yee.

(2018). Effect of music intervention on apathy in nursing home residents with dementia. Geriatric Nursing, 39(4), 471–476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2018.02.003

38.

Teixeira

Cruchinho

Lucas

Gaspar

(2023). Transcultural nursing leadership: A concept analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances, 5(October), 100161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnsa.2023.100161

39.

Walter

A. A.

Van Puymbroeck

Bosch

Schmid

A. A.

(2022). Complementary and integrative health interventions in post-stroke rehabilitation: A systematic PRISMA review. Disability and Rehabilitation, 44(11), 2223–2232. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2020.1830440

40.

Widarsa

A. A. R. S.

Darmawan

I. D. M. B. A.

(2021). Audio fingerprint for automatic Balinese rindik music identification using Gaussian mixture model. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1722(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1722/1/012101

41.

Widiartha

I. M.

(2017). Rindik voice synthesis using modified frequency modulation as Bali cultural preservation efforts. Kursor, 8(3), 151. https://doi.org/10.28961/kursor.v8i3.90

42.

Wulandari

T. S.

Arifin

M. T.

Ismail

(2019). Increasing attention and mood of post-stroke clients using natural restorative environment. Disability, CBR and Inclusive Development, 30(4), 39–48. https://doi.org/10.5463/dcid.v30i4.856

43.

Shen

Huang

(2022). Potential benefits of music therapy on stroke rehabilitation. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9386095

44.

Xuefang

Guihua

Fengru

(2021). The effect of early cognitive training and rehabilitation for patients with cognitive dysfunction in stroke. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 30(3), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.1882

45.

Yang

White

Lipson-Smith

Latifi

(2024). The state of stroke rehabilitation design in Australia: A multi-scalar systematic architecture precedent review. Buildings, 14(12), 3968. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14123968

46.

C. P.

Lee

H. Y.

W. H.

Huang

Y. C.

Browning

M. H. E. M.

(2020). Restorative effects of virtual natural settings on middle-aged and elderly adults. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 56(December), 126863. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2020.126863

47.

Zavitsanou

A. M.

Drigas

(2021). Metacognition, stress–relaxation balance & related hormones. International Journal of Recent Contributions from Engineering, Science & IT (IJES), 9(1), 81. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijes.v9i1.19933

The Effect of Rindik Bali Based-Natural Restorative Environment (NRE) on Cognitive and Attentive Function among Post-Stroke Patients: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Abstract

Keywords

Get full access to this article

References