Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is both an acute health issue and a chronic disease. Cognitive impairments, particularly in learning and memory, cause significant distress for patients and their families. In this study, we innovatively implanted a photostimulation (PS) device into the injured brain tissue of a severe TBI mouse and performed intracranial PS therapy. Intracranial PS significantly improved learning and memory function in severe TBI mice, and the implantation process did not exacerbate the brain injury. Further investigation revealed that intracranial PS might enhance oxidative phosphorylation in the injured neurons, improving energy metabolism and thereby inhibiting neuronal apoptosis. This study provides a novel direction for clinical treatment of learning and memory deficits following TBI.
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