Pseudomonas peritonitis associated with peritoneal dialysis is usually severe and difficult to treat. Prolonged courses of aminoglycoside antibiotics carry the risk of ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Azlocillin, a new acylureidopenicillin with potent antipseudomonal activity, was used successfully in combination with an aminoglycoside in the treatment of two patients with dialysis -associated pseudomonas peritonitis. Serum and peritoneal fluid antibiotic levels were monitored and a marked synergistic effect was observed with this antimicrobial combination. Azlocillin may have a useful aminoglycosidesparing effect in the treatment of pseudomonas peritonitis.
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