This article centers on the potential attractiveness of central and east European countries' (CEEC) economies for industrial groups given their comparative economic and institutional characteristics. The authors focus on the possibility that cars and components production may be relocated from plants currently operating in Spain to plants in new member states of the CEEC and that new investments under corporate internationalization strategies may go to those countries seeking to take advantage of the benefits inherent in setting up in states such as Slovenia, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland. The authors look at the key variables for decision making and compare the theoretical probabilities with assessments drawn up by firms themselves concerning location factors on the basis of information gathered during field work.
Aláez, R., Bilbao, J., Camino, V., & Longás, J.C. (1996). El sector de automoción: Nuevas tendencias en la organización productiva [The automotive industry: New trends in the organization of production]. Madrid, Spain: Civitas.
2.
Aláez, R., & Erro, A. (2004, June). The automotive industry in the "old periphery" of the EuropeanUnion: Analysis of regional economic dependence on the Volkswagen Navarre, S. A. plant. Paper presented at the 12th international conference of GERPISA , Paris.
3.
Améndola, M., & Gaffard, J.L. (1988). La dynamique économique de l'innovation [The economic dynamic of Innovation]. Paris: Economica.
4.
Armstrong, H., & Taylor, J. (2000). Regional economics and policy (3rd ed.). Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
5.
Asociación Española de Fabricantes de Automóviles y Camiones. (2003). Statistics. Madrid , Spain: Author.
6.
Association of European Automobile Manufacturers. (2007). Statistics. Brussels, Belgium: Author.
7.
Becattini, G., & Rullani, E. (1995). Système local et marché global: Le district industriel [Local system and global market: The industrial district]. In A. Rallet & A. Torre (Eds.), Économie industrielle et économie spatiale (pp. 171-192). Paris: Economica.
8.
Bellet, M. (1995). Les politiques technologiques locales et leurs fondements [The local technology politics and their principles]. In A. Rallet & A. Torre (Eds.), Économie industrielle et économie spatiale (pp. 381-401). Paris: Economica.
9.
Bellet, M., Colletis, G., & Lung, Y. (1993). Introduction au numéro spécial «Economie de proximités» [Introduction to special issue on "proximity economics"]. Revue d'Economie Régionale et Urbaine, 3, 357-361.
10.
Blanes, J.V. (2003). Repercusiones comerciales de la quinta ampliación de la Unión Europea [Trade impact of fifth European Union enlargement]. Información Comercial Española, (809), 51-71.
11.
Brüllart, M., Crozet, M., & Koenig, P. (2004). Enlargement and the EU periphery: The impact of changing market potential. World Economy, (27), 853-875.
12.
Carrincazeaux, C.h., & Berrou, J.-P. (2005). La diversité des capitalismes et les pays d'Europe Centrale et Orientale. Un analyze statistique [The diversity of capitalisms and central and eastern European countries]. Actes du GERPISA , (39), 33-82.
13.
Carrincazeaux, C.h., & Lung, Y. (1997). La proximité dans l'organisation de la conception des produits de l'automobile [Proximity in the organization of product development for automobiles]. Actes du GERPISA, (19), 49-67.
14.
Chanaron, J.-J. (1995). Constructeurs/fournisseurs: Specificités et dynamique d'evolution des modes relationnels [Assembler-supplier: Specificities and dynamic of evolution in relational forms]. Actes de GERPISA , (14), 9-22.
15.
Chanaron, J.-J. (2003). Relationships between the core and the periphery of the European automotive system. Actes du GERPISA, (35), 45-63.
16.
Chen, S. (2006). The role of labour costs in the location of Japanese investors in China. Papers in Regional Science, 85(1), 121-138.
17.
De Koker, N. (2006, April 18-19). Supplier-carmaker relationship and networks: Challenges for suppliers. Workshop on the supplier industry in transition, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago-Detroit Branch. Retrieved July 16, 2007, from http://www.chicagofed.org/news_and_conferences/conferences_and_events/2006_auto_agenda.cfm
18.
DesRosiers, D. (2006, April 18-19). Implications of globalization of the supplier industry: The road ahead. Workshop on the supplier industry in transition, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago-Detroit Branch. Retrieved July 16, 2007, from http://www.chicagofed.org/news_and_conferences/conferences_and_events/2006_auto_agenda.cfm
19.
Díaz de la Guardia, C. (2002). Competitividad de los PECOs en el mercado de Europa Occidental. Perspectiva comparada con la economía española [CEECs' competitiveness in western European market: Compared perspective with Spanish economy]. Economía Industrial, 345, 47-66.
20.
Dicken, P. (2003). Global shift: Reshaping the global economic map in the 21st century (4th ed.). London: Sage.
21.
Dunning, J.H., & Narula, R. (2004). Multinationals and industrial competitiveness: A new agenda. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar.
22.
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. (2000). Transition report 2000: Employment, skills, and transition. London: Author.
23.
European Commission. (1999, October 19). Document SG (99) D/ 8219 concerning State Aid No. N 697/98-Spain . Brussels, Belgium: OPOCE.
Fernández-Otheo, C., Martín, D., & Myro, R. (2004). Desinversión y deslocalización de capital extranjero en España [Disinvestment and delocation of foreign capital in Spain]. Ekonomiaz-Revista vasca de Economía, 55, 106-129.
26.
Fernández Sánchez, E., & Fernández Casariego, Z. (1988). Manual de dirección estratégica de la tecnología: La producción como ventaja competitiva [Handbook on strategic management of technology: The production as competitive advantage]. Barcelona, Spain: Ariel.
27.
Frigant, V. (1995, August/September). Les espaces du juste-à-temps: Une approche en termes de proximité organisationnelle et circulatoire [Just-in-time spaces: An approach in terms of organizational proximity]. Paper presented at the international conference of ASRDLF, Toulouse, France.
28.
Fujita, M., & Thisse, J.-F. (2006). Globalization and the evolution of the supply chain: Who gains and who loses? International Economic Review , 47(3), 811-836.
29.
Gaffard, J.L. (1990). Innovations et changements structurels [Innovations and structural changes]. Revue d'Économie Politique, 3, 325-382.
30.
Garel, G. (1997). L'entreprise sur un plateau: Un exemple de gestion de projet concourante dans l'industrie automobile [The firm on a plateau: An example of design management in the automotive industry]. Actes du GERPISA, (19), 33-47.
31.
Guilhon, B. (1992). Technologie, organisation et performances: Le cas de la firme-réseau [Technology, organization, and performance: The case of firms research]. Revue d'Économie Politique, 102, 563-592.
32.
Holl, A. (2004). Start-ups and relocations: Manufacturing plant location in Portugal. Papers in Regional Science, 83(4), 649-668.
33.
Hunya, G. (2003). Structural development of manufacturing FDI In M. Landesmann, (Ed.), Structural Report 2003 on Central and Eastern Europe (Vol. 2, pp. 26-48). Vienna Austria: Vienna Institute for International Studies (WIIW).
34.
Jürgens, U. (2003). Characteristics of the European automotive system: Is there a distinctive European approach?Actes du GERPISA , (35), 109-133.
35.
Kirat, T., & Lung, Y. (1995). Innovations et proximités: Le territoire, lieu de déploiement des processus d'apprentissage [Innovations and proximity: The territory, developing place of learning processes]. In N. Lazaric & J.-M. Monnier (Eds.), Coordination économique et apprentissage des firmes (pp. 206-229). Paris: Economica.
36.
Kirkham, J., Richbell, S., & Watts, H. (1999). Manpower factors and plant closures in multiplant firms. International Journal of Manpower, 20, 458-468.
37.
Kittel, B. (2002, February). EMU, EU enlargement, and the European social model: Trends, challenges, and questions (MPIfG Working Paper 02/1) . Cologne, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies.
38.
Klier, T.H. (1998). Geographic concentration in U.S. manufacturing: Evidence from the U.S. auto supplier industry (Working Papers 1998/17). Chicago: Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
39.
Klier, T.H., & Rubenstein, J.M. (2006a). Competition and trade in the U.S. auto parts sector. Chicago Fed Letter, 222.
40.
Klier, T.H., & Rubenstein, J.M. (2006b, April 18-19). The new geography of the US auto industry. Workshop on the supplier industry in transition, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago-Detroit Branch. Retrieved July 16, 2007, from http://www.chicagofed.org/news_and_conferences/conferences_and_events/2006_auto_agenda.cfm
41.
Klier, T.H., & Rubenstein, J.M. (2006c). The supplier industry in transition: The new geography of auto production. Chicago Fed Letter, 229.
42.
Landersmann, M. (2003). Rasgos estructurales de la integración en una Europa ampliada: Convergencia económica y especialización industrial [Structural characteristics of accession to enlarged Europe: Economic convergence and industrial specialization]. Información Comercial Española , (809), 83-116.
43.
Latorre, C. (2002). La inversión directa en los países del este europeo: Una valoración de su naturaleza y volumen [Foreign direct investment in western European countries: A valuation of its nature and volume]. Economía Industrial, (345), 67-78.
44.
Lazaric, N. (1995). Apprentissage organisationnel et accords inter-firmes: Le cas de la relation utilisateur/producteur [Organizational learning and inter-firm agreements: The case of user-producer relationship]. In N. Lazaric & J.-M. Monnier (Eds.), Coordination économique et apprentissage des firmes (pp. 133-154). Paris: Economica.
45.
Luengo, F. (2003). Mercado de trabajo y competitividad internacional en los países de la ampliación [Labor market and international competitiveness in European Union new member states]. Boletín económico del ICE, (2767), 49-53.
46.
Lundvall, B.A. (1992). User-producer relationships: National systems of innovation and internationalization. In B. A. Lundvall (Ed.), National systems of innovation (pp. 45-67). London: Pinter.
47.
Lundvall, B.A. (1999). Division spatiale du travail et learning interactif [Spatial division of labor and interactive learning]. Revue d'économie régionale et urbaine, 3, 469-488.
48.
Lung, Y. (2003). The changing geography of the automobile system . Actes du GERPISA, (35), 83-108.
49.
MacAllinden, S.P. (2006, April 18-19). There is no place like home: The geography of automotive employment. Workshop on the supplier industry in transition, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago-Detroit Branch. Retrieved July 16, 2007, from http://www.chicagofed.org/news_and_conferences/conferences_and_events/2006_auto_agenda.cfm
50.
Martín, C., & Turrión, J. (2002). Impacto comercial de la integración de los países de la Europa Central y Oriental en la Unión Europea [(Trade impact of integration for central and eastern European countries]. Información Comercial Española, (796), 97-106.
51.
Monden, Y. (1988). El sistema de producción de Toyota [Toyota's system of production]. Madrid, Spain: CDN.
52.
Mykhnenko, W. (2005). What type of capitalism in post-Communist Europe? Poland and Ukraine compared. Actes du GERPISA, (39), 83-112.
53.
Navarro, M., & Olarte, F.J. (2004). Inversión exterior y posición competitiva del País Vasco y España. Análisis particular frente a los países de la ampliación [Foreign direct investments and competitive position of Basque Country and Spain]. Ekonomiaz-Revista vasca de Economía, (55), 168-209.
54.
Pavitt, K., & Patel, P. (2000). Empresas globales y sistemas nacionales de innovación: ¿quién domina a quién? [Global enterprises and national innovation systems: Who dominates whom?]. In J. Molero (Ed.), Competencia global y cambio tecnológico. Un desafío para (pp. 71-102). Madrid, Spain: Pirámide.
55.
Pulido, A. (2003). Consecuencias sectoriales y territoriales de la ampliación para la economía española [Industrial and territorial effects of European Union enlargement for Spanish economy]. Información Comercial Española, (809), 73-82.
56.
Rallet, A. (1993). Choix de proximité et processus d'innovation technologique [Proximity chance and technological innovation processes]. Revue d'économie régionale et urbaine, 3, 365-386.
57.
Rhys, D.G. (2004). The motor industry in an enlarged EU. World Economy, (27), 877-900.
58.
Richbell, S., & Watts, H. (2000). Plant closures in multiplant manufacturing firms: Adding an international perspective. Management Decision, (38), 80-88.
59.
Sleuwaegen, L., & Pennings, E. (2006). International relocation of production: Where do firms go? Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 53(4), 430-446.
60.
Smith, A., Pickels, J., Begg, R., Roukova, P., & Buceck, M. (2005). Outward processing, EU enlargement and regional relocation in the European textiles and clothing industry: Reflections on the European Commission's communication on "The Future of Textiles and Clothing Sector in the EnlargedEuropean Union." European Urban and Regional Studies, 12(1), 83-91.
61.
Stöckly, D. (2004). Finnish ICT and furniture companies' strategies towards relocating operations to Estonia. FCC Quarterly, 327-31.
62.
Storper, M. (1992). The limits to globalization: Technology districts and international trade. Economic Geography, (68), 60-93.
63.
Storper, M. (1998). Economías regionales como activos relacionales [Regional economies as relational assets]. Ekonomiaz-Revista Vasca de economía, (41), 10-45.
64.
Tomaney, J., Pike, A., & Cornford, J. (1998). Plant closure and the local economy: The case of Swan Hunter on Tyne-side. Regional Studies, 33, 401-411.
65.
Tremblay, D.-G., Klein, J.-L., Fontan, J.-M., & Rousseau, S. (2003). Proximité territorial et innovation: Une enquête sur la région de Montreal [Territorial proximity and innovation: A survey for the region of Montreal]. Revue d'Économie Régionale et Urbaine, 5, 835-852.
66.
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. (2005). World investment report. New York: United Nations.
67.
Volpato, G. (2003). The OEM-FTS relationship. Actes du GERPISA, (35), 19-43.
68.
Watts, H., & Kirham, J. (1998). Plant closures by multi-locational firms: A comparative perspective. Regional Studies, 33, 413-424.
69.
Wolff, S. (1995). Accords inter-entreprises, apprentissage et flexibilité dans le secteur des télécommunications [Interfirms agreements, learning, and flexibility in the telecommunications industry]. In N. Lazaric & J. M. Monnier (Eds.), Coordination économique et apprentissage des firmes (pp. 109-132). Paris: Economica.
70.
Yoshino, M.Y., & Srinivasa, V. (1996). Las alianzas estratégicas: Un enfoque empresarial a la globalización [Strategic alliances: A business perspective of globalization] . Barcelona, Spain: Ariel.
