Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

A prospective cohort study was conducted in 315 mother-newborn dyads from Valdivia, Chile. A questionnaire was administered to mothers before 48 hours postpartum, and sociodemographic, obstetric, and neonatal data were collected. At 3 months postpartum, a follow-up by telephone interview or home visit was made, determining the proportion of mothers providing exclusive breastfeeding. Multivariate logistic regression was carried out to identify variables significantly associated with exclusive breastfeeding. Follow-up data showed 98.1% were breastfeeding, and exclusive breastfeeding reached 69.5%. Withdrawal of exclusive breastfeeding was positively associated with single marital status (odds ratio, 2.49; 95% confidence interval: 1.48-4.20) and smoking during pregnancy (odds ratio, 2.61; 95% confidence interval: 1.48-4.60), while maternal education greater than 8 years was associated with continuation of exclusive breastfeeding (odds ratio, 0.45; 95% confidence interval: 0.24-0.84). Breastfeeding education strategies addressed to high-risk pregnant women (single with a low education level) must be emphasized in addition to prevention of nonhealthy habits, such as tobacco and alcohol consumption during gestation. J Hum Lact. 24(4):439-445.

Cohorte prospectiva de 315 binomios madre-recién nacidos de la ciudad de Valdivia, Chile. Dentro de las 48 horas post parto se aplicó un cuestionario a las madres y recolectó antecedentes sociodemográficos, obstétricos y neonatales. La proporción de madres que otorgaban lactancia materna exclusiva (LME) fue establecida al completarse el tercer mes post parto, por seguimiento telefónico o visita domiciliaria. El análisis se basó en regresión logística múltiple para detectar variables significativamente asociadas a la pérdida de LME. Al término del seguimiento se observó 98,1% de lactancia natural y 69,5% de LME. En el análisis multivariado el abandono de LME fue positivamente asociada con ser soltera (OR 2,49; IC₉₅ 1,48-4,20) y fumar en el embarazo (OR 2,61; IC₉₅ 1,48-4,60), mientras la escolaridad materna mayor a 8 años fue asociada con continuación de la LME hasta el tercer mes (OR 0,45; IC₉₅ 0,24-0,84). Deben enfatizarse precozmente estrategias educativas sobre lactancia materna durante el embarazo de mujeres de mayor riesgo (solteras y con menor escolaridad), además de prevenir hábitos no saludables como el consumo de tabaco y alcohol en la gestación.

Keywords

exclusive breastfeeding breastfeeding newborn infant cohort studies

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF). Breastfeeding: Foundation for a healthy future. New York, NY: UNICEF; 1999.

Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Nutrición del lactante y del niño pequeño. 55° Asamblea Mundial de la Salud . Ginebra; 2002. A55/25.

Fewtrell MS , Morgan JB , Duggan C. , et al. Optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding: what is the evidence to support current recommendations? Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;85:635S-638S.

Bachrach VR , Schwarz E. , Bachrach LR Breastfeeding and the risk of hospitalization for respiratory disease in infancy: a meta-analysis. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2003;157:237-243.

Oddy WH , Sly PD , de Klerk NH , et al. Breastfeeding and respiratory morbidity in infancy: a birth cohort study. Arch Dis Child. 2003;88:224-228.

Chantry CJ , Howard CR , Auinger P. Full breastfeeding duration and associated decrease in respiratory tract infection in US children. Pediatrics. 2006;117:425-432.

Yoon PW , Black RE , Moulton LH , Becker S. Effect of not breastfeeding on the risk of diarrheal and respiratory mortality in children under 2 years of age in Metro Cebu, The Philippines. Am J Epidemiol. 1996;143:1142-1148.

Escuder MM , Venancio SI , Pereira JC Estimativa de impacto da amamentação sobre a mortalidade infantil. Rev Saude Publica. 2003;37:319-325.

Macias-Carrillo C. , Franco-Marina F. , Long-Dunlap K. , Hernandez-Gaytan SI , Martinez-Lopez Y. , Lopez-Cervantes M. Lactancia materna y diarrea aguda en los primeros tres meses de vida. Salud Publica Mex. 2005;47:49-57.

10.

Flores M. , Pasquel MR , Maulen I. , Rivera J. Exclusive breastfeeding in 3 rural localities in Mexico. J Hum Lact. 2005;21:276-283.

11.

Pardo-Crespo R. , Perez-Iglesias R. , Llorca J. , et al. Breastfeeding and risk of hospitalization for all causes and fever of unknown origin. Eur J Public Health. 2004;14:230-234.

12.

Tryggvadottir L. , Tulinius H. , Eyfjord JE , Sigurvinsson T. Breastfeeding and reduced risk of breast cancer in an Icelandic cohort study. Am J Epidemiol. 2001;154:37-42.

13.

Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer. Breast cancer and breastfeeding: collaborative reanalysis of individual data from 47 epidemiological studies in 30 countries, including 50 302 women with breast cancer and 96 973 women without the disease . Lancet. 2002;360:187-195.

14.

Chiaffarino F. , Pelucchi C. , Negri E. , et al. Breastfeeding and the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in an Italian population. Gynecol Oncol. 2005;98:304-308.

15.

McLaughlin JR , Risch HA , Lubinski J. , et al. Reproductive risk factors for ovarian cancer in carriers of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations: a case-control study. Lancet Oncol. 2007;8:26-34.

16.

Perez ER Patrones de la lactancia natural en América Latina y el Caribe. Bol Oficina Sanit Panam. 1993;115:185-194.

17.

Fondo de las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia (UNICEF). Estado mundial de la infancia 2007. New York, NY: 2006.

18.

Li R. , Darling N. , Maurice E. , Barker L. , Grummer-Strawn LM Breastfeeding rates in the United States by characteristics of the child, mother, or family: the 2002 National Immunization Survey. Pediatrics. 2005;115:e31-e37.

19.

Cattaneo A. , Yngve A. , Koletzko B. , Guzman LR Protection, promotion, and support of breastfeeding in Europe: current situation. Public Health Nutr. 2005;8:39-46.

20.

Navarro-Estrella M. , Duque-Lopez MX , Perez JA Factores que influyen en el abandono temprano de la lactancia por mujeres trabajadoras. Salud Publica Mex . 2003;45:276-284.

21.

Theofilogiannakou M. , Skouroliakou M. , Gounaris A. , Panagiotakos D. , Markantonis SL Breastfeeding in Athens, Greece: factors associated with its initiation and duration. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2006;43:379-384.

22.

Heck KE , Braveman P. , Cubbin C. , Chavez GF , Kiely JL Socioeconomic status and breastfeeding initiation among California mothers . Public Health Rep. 2006;121:51-59.

23.

Scott JA , Binns CW , Graham KI , Oddy WH Temporal changes in the determinants of breastfeeding initiation. Birth. 2006;33:37-45.

24.

Chen YC , Wu YC , Chie WC Effects of work-related factors on the breastfeeding behavior of working mothers in a Taiwanese semiconductor manufacturer: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Public Health. 2006;6:160.

25.

Kimbro RT On-the-job moms: work and breastfeeding initiation and duration for a sample of low-income women. Matern Child Health J. 2006;10:19-26.

26.

Scott JA , Binns CW , Oddy WH , Graham KI Predictors of breastfeeding duration: evidence from a cohort study. Pediatrics. 2006;117:e646-e655.

27.

Di Napoli A. , Di Lallo D. , Pezzotti P. , Forastiere F. , Porta D. Effects of parental smoking and level of education on initiation and duration of breastfeeding. Acta Paediatr . 2006;95:678-685.

28.

Dubois L. , Girard M. Social inequalities in infant feeding during the first year of life. The Longitudinal Study of Child Development in Quebec (LSCDQ 1998-2002). Public Health Nutr. 2003;6:773-783.

29.

Ludvigsson JF , Ludvigsson J. Socioeconomic determinants, maternal smoking, and coffee consumption, and exclusive breastfeeding in 10 205 children. Acta Paediatr. 2005;94:1310-1319.

30.

Minagawa AT , Oliveira IM , Fujimori E. , Laurenti D. , Montero RM Perfil do aleitamento materno em menores de 2 anos na cidade de Itupeva, SP, Brasil. Arch Latinoam Nutr . 2005;55:132-139.

31.

Frota DA , Marcopito LF Breastfeeding among teenage and adult mothers in Brazil. Rev Saude Publica. 2004;38:85-92.

32.

Taveras EM , Capra AM , Braveman PA , Jensvold NG , Escobar GJ , Lieu TA Clinician support and psychosocial risk factors associated with breastfeeding discontinuation. Pediatrics. 2003;1121:108-115.

33.

Grjibovski AM , Yngve A. , Bygren LO , Sjostrom M. Sociodemographic determinants of initiation and duration of breastfeeding in northwest Russia. Acta Paediatr . 2005;94:588-594.

34.

Chezem J. , Friesen C. , Boettcher J. Breastfeeding knowledge, breastfeeding confidence, and infant feeding plans: effects on actual feeding practices. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2003;32:40-47.

35.

Bick DE , MacArthur C. , Lancashire RJ What influences the uptake and early cessation of breastfeeding? Midwifery. 1998;14:242-247.

36.

Horta BL , Kramer MS , Platt RW Maternal smoking and the risk of early weaning: a meta-analysis. Am J Public Health. 2001;91:304-307.

37.

Vio F. , Salazar G. , Infante C. Smoking during pregnancy and lactation and its effects on breast milk volume . Am J Clin Nutr. 1991;54:1011-1016.

38.

Hopkinson JM , Schanler RJ , Fraley JK , Garza C. Milk production by mothers of premature infants: influence of cigarette smoking . Pediatrics. 1992;90:934-938.

39.

Baron JA , Bulbrook RD , Wang DY , Kwa HG Cigarette smoking and prolactin in women. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1986;293:482-483.

40.

Andersen AN , Ronn B. , Tjonneland A. , Djursing H. , Schioler V. Low maternal but normal fetal prolactin levels in cigarette smoking pregnant women. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1984;63:237-239.

Factors Associated With Exclusive Breastfeeding at 3 Months Postpartum in Valdivia,Chile

Abstract

Keywords

Get full access to this article

References