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Abstract

The human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was the first human retrovirus known as a direct causal agent of a malignant disease. The vertical route of HTLV transmission is the most frequent pathway of the virus contamination. This study was performed to determine the prevalence ratio of HTLV-1 infection among nursing women. From January 2004 to January 2005, blood samples from 1033 nursing mothers from Paraíba, Brazil were evaluated for HTLV antibodies by ELISA and HTLV-1 viral particles confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). HTLV antibodies were detected in 7 women. The overall seroprevalence ratio was 0.68% and HTLV-1 viral sequences were confirmed by PCR in 2 women. These preliminary data suggest that HTLV screening should be introduced as a mandatory test before breastfeeding and breast milk donation in Paraíba, Brazil. Additionally, counseling programs would help reduce the prevalence ratio of HTLV-1 infected individuals in this Brazilian region. J Hum Lact. 24(3):289-292.

El Virus Linfotrópico Humano de Células T tipo 1 (HTLV-1) fue el primer retrovirus que se encontró como agente causal directo de una enfermedad maligna. La transmisión vertical del HTLV es la vía mas frecuente de contaminación. Este estudio determinó la proporción de prevalencia de infección por HTLV-1 en mujeres lactando. De enero del 2004 a enero del 2005, se tomaron muestras de sangre de 1,033 mujeres lactantes en Paraiba, Brasil para medir los anticuerpos de HTLV con pruebas de ELISA y partículas virales de HTLV-1 confirmadas por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR). Se detectaron anticuerpos de HTLV-1 en siete mujeres. La proporción de seroprevalencia fue de 0.68% y la secuencia viral de HTLV-1 se confirmó con PCR en dos mujeres. Estos datos preliminares sugieren que se debe introducir una prueba mandatoria antes de comenzar la lactancia y de donar leche en Paraiba-Brasil. Además un programa de conserjería puede ayudar a reducir la proporción de prevalencia de individuos infectados con el HTLV -1 en esta región de Brasil.

Keywords

HTLV-1/II infection breastfeeding infants nursing mothers

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Prevalence Ratio of HTLV-1 in Nursing Mothers From the State of Paraíba,Northeastern Brazil

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